Unpaid Carers

Opened the debate

Alison Bennett is concerned about the failure to identify young carers and provide adequate support for unpaid carers. She highlighted a case involving two boys who were caring for their mother without being identified as young carers, leading to a tragic outcome. She also noted that carers' allowance is often unknown or ineffective, with one contributor describing it as barely above the poverty line. According to Carers UK, 1.2 million unpaid carers live in poverty, including 400,000 in deep poverty, and 74% of carers have felt stressed or anxious, while almost half have cut back on essentials. The value of unpaid care across the UK has been estimated at £184 billion a year. Jim Shannon highlighted the profound exhaustion and emotional toll experienced by unpaid carers in Northern Ireland, noting that 220,000 carers provide vital support, saving the Northern Ireland Executive an astronomical £5.8 billion annually. He pointed out that 17,500 children and young adult carers carry a physical and emotional burden, with 28% living in poverty. More than 52% of carers report physical health suffering due to their responsibilities, and nearly 30% have had to give up their jobs to care. Elsie Blundell expressed deep gratitude towards unpaid carers in Heywood and Middleton North who balance their caring commitments with careers and family responsibilities. She highlighted the growing number of carers as the population ages and the need for community and support networks to alleviate the burden on carers. Blundell emphasised the importance of identifying and recognising carers proactively, particularly through robust NHS and GP processes. She also raised concerns about the rigidity of the earnings threshold, which affects working carers and discourages them from career advancement. Additionally, she noted the need for high-quality respite services that are reliable and of high quality. I am one of the 4.7 million people in England who provide unpaid care, a responsibility that often comes at a significant financial cost. Every day, about 1,500 people leave the workforce due to caring responsibilities, and over the last two years, more than 1 million people have done so. A constituent caring for her eight-year-old autistic son had to leave her job because his needs could not be met through existing educational provision. Another constituent, Steve, and his partner, Sindy, care for their 26-year-old son with severe learning difficulties and encountered a shortage of suitable supported living placements in Scarborough. Helen Maguire is concerned about the challenges faced by unpaid carers, highlighting the impact on health, finances, and employment. She cited the Williams family as an example, where Sarah, a full-time carer for her husband with a serious health condition, faces financial strain, career setbacks, and personal health issues. Maguire mentioned that there are 5.8 million unpaid carers in the UK, with 1.7 million providing 50 or more hours of care weekly. The care provided by unpaid carers is estimated to be worth £152 billion annually, equivalent to the NHS budget. She noted that 72% of carers reported having a physical or mental health condition, and 70% of carers who are employees report not having focused on their career as much as they would have liked. Unpaid carers are also more likely to face financial struggles and have concerns about service availability.

Government Response

It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Mrs Barker. I begin by congratulating the hon. Member for Mid Sussex (Alison Bennett) on securing this important debate. I also thank Members from across the House for their thoughtful contributions. Addressing me, the hon. Member for Mid Sussex gave a roll call of some of the welcome policy announcements that we have seen already. I know that an appetite is maintained for more, and we will get into that, but it was great to hear recognition of our action plan, of the announcement of a champion for unpaid carers, of the Prime Minister's relentless historical, current and future focus on social care and a national care service, of the minimum wage link to earnings in this sector and of the increase in allowances. My right hon. Friend the Member for Hayes and Harlington (John McDonnell), joined by the hon. Member for Strangford (Jim Shannon) and my hon. Friend and constituency neighbour the Member for Heywood and Middleton North (Mrs Blundell), rightly raised a particular issue. Indeed, I think that, consistently, every single Member in the Chamber made the point that I will distil to the absolute, fundamental need for respite. We understand that too often caring is a relentless duty. It is unending love, and that love is real, but so is the toil and the demand on unpaid carers, whom we are here to speak to and appeal for today. Unpaid carers make an extraordinary contribution to families, communities and our country. They are often the person holding everything together. They provide unwavering support to the person or people they care for, often while balancing employment, education, parenting and their own health needs. This Government are acting now to ensure that unpaid carers receive the right support, at the right time. The cross-Government unpaid carers action plan brings together work from across health, social care, education, employment and the benefits system. It is an improved recognition of unpaid carers that strengthens the way support is offered to help carers reach their full potential and live their own fulfilling lives. The Secretary of State for Health and Social Care announced this summer—to great cheer from those of us in the audience—her intention to appoint an unpaid carers champion who will bring the commitments in the action plan to life and bring our responsibility to bear. Our carers champion will work across Government, the health and social care sector and carers organisations to provide advice and challenge on where we can go further. The Government are making carers more visible, empowering their voices in care planning, joining up services and reducing the practical burdens they face. A new "my carer" section in the NHS app will give carers clearer routes, clearer information and relevant support, and will help to streamline the tasks that they undertake on behalf of the people they care for. [Valerie Vaz in the Chair] Our task is simple: carers have to be recognised as partners in care, with their own needs and ambitions. We understand that caring can affect household finances and a person's ability to remain in work. The Government raised the carer's allowance weekly earnings limit by a record amount in April 2025 and again in 2026-27. A public consultation on employment rights for unpaid carers and parents of seriously ill children closed on 1 September. We expect to conclude the review this winter with a full consultation, and we will respond to it with findings and a road map for potential reforms. Members rightly raised the availability of practical support, including short breaks and respite—every Member referred to the need for that. A postcode lottery occurs too frequently. I am sorry to say that, because of the legacy of the last Government, that will take some time to rectify, but we are making progress in redressing the patchiness of public services left by the last lot. This Government have brought in the better care fund, which provides a framework of more than £9 billion for integrated care boards, in a bid to patch up the patchiness left by the last Government. We speak frequently in this Chamber and the main Chamber about the need to ensure a universal service. It is for us as MPs as well as for the Government to ensure that there is better joined-up care and that funding can be used for carer support and respite, including short breaks and the peer support that we know is needed. A fellow champion of carers—the heavyweight champion of Harlow, my hon. Friend the Member for Harlow (Chris Vince)—made the interesting point that there should be a young carers lead in all schools. I have been a school governor. The best schools and school leadership teams know the circumstances of our children, and we have a Government who not only understand the need for breakfast clubs, but recognise the importance of both the breakfast and the club. I hope that my hon. Friend's idea will grow and go out into the governor world as a suitable idea. I do not think it is necessarily for the Government to mandate that, but it is a terrific idea. In developing those plans, perhaps he and friends will make representations to the champion that we will appoint so that young carers in particular get the support that they need. It is sad to think that there are undiscovered young carers. That is very poignant. The need for respite is very real, and so is the cost in terms of the childhood they are missing out on. We must also recognise the effect of sustained care responsibilities on mental health, and provide mental health support, such as through the talking therapy service, the self-referral system, the NHS app, increased evidence-based talking therapies and digital interventions, and earlier support in schools. My hon. Friend the Member for Amber Valley (Linsey Farnsworth) raised the issue of dementia. Today is the second consecutive day that she and I have spoken about the issue. I repeat my commitment that she will be involved in the first-ever modern service framework on dementia and frailty, which is to come. I look forward to working with her on that. My hon. Friend the Member for Scarborough and Whitby (Alison Hume) always has nice things to say to colleagues and friends across the House. Support for unpaid caring is inseparable from the future of adult social care across all ages. My hon. Friend the Member for Cannock Chase (Josh Newbury) rightly talked about the need for a distinct older care service, as carers will get older and need care themselves. At its best, social care is transformational, and our long-term ambition is to have a national care service that is person-centred, sees the person and their circumstances, integrates with health services and is preventive, giving people greater choice, control, dignity and independence. We are committed to building that service, but it must be informed by the undoubtedly exemplary work we will see from Baroness Casey. We will build on the consensus she is seeking from the public as she asks what they want, need and expect from the system. I look forward to seeing that work, which will address difficult questions about who should get support, what families can reasonably expect and who is responsible. The hon. Member for Solihull West and Shirley (Dr Shastri-Hurst) asked who is responsible; that is a good question. I will ensure that the changes to NHS England and the forthcoming plans are in the purview of the work that Baroness Casey is undertaking. As to a commitment on tax and borrowing, he mistakes the level at which I currently sit in Government—I will gladly answer his question if they ever dare to give me responsibility for such things—but it is a good question. In the meantime, greater investment is already coming, alongside better workforce support, digitisation, a stronger voice for people receiving care, and closer integration across services through the unpaid carers action plan, the appointment of an unpaid carers champion, improvements on carer ID through the NHS app, stronger financial employment support, better education support for young carers, more access to mental health services and more effective local planning. We are taking practical steps now; it is a Labour Government doing this. The hon. Member for Mid Sussex asked about identifying young carers—I recently raised the poignant issue of undiscovered young carers. This is a collaborative job. It falls to the local authority and to school leadership, and it must fall to integrated care boards to work with their colleagues in local government and local education to ensure that all children's contexts are understood and known. We are listening to carers, who must challenge services where support falls short. Unpaid carers enable millions of people to live with dignity, independence, love and connection. Their contribution must not be taken for granted. They get and deserve our recognition, our respect and reliable support. This Government are determined to turn that commitment into lasting change.