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Water Sector: Public Ownership
14 September 2026
Lead MP
Paul Davies
Responding Minister
Emma Hardy
Tags
EconomyClimateAgriculture & Rural AffairsLocal GovernmentNHSEnvironment
Word Count: 27404
Other Contributors: 57
At a Glance
Paul Davies raised concerns about water sector: public ownership in Westminster Hall. A government minister responded.
Key Requests to Government:
Davies calls for a feasibility study to consider alternative models, including public ownership, and for the government to intervene in the case of Thames Water's potential collapse to test the waters for more far-reaching reform. Clark called for a broader conversation about whether regulation alone can solve the problems faced by the water sector, suggesting the need to consider public ownership models. Young urged the government to consider mutual ownership of water companies to reinvest profits into infrastructure and set legally binding priorities to protect the environment and provide clean water. Khan asks the Government to investigate whether the cost of public ownership can be less than the chronic underinvestment, rising bills, sewage-filled rivers, and a system where the public carries the risk while private investors take all the rewards. It is time to bring water back into public ownership, with regional publicly owned water companies with democratic accountability and meaningful representation for workers, customers, and communities. Public control should not mean a franchise model with token councillor representation. Investment should be planned for the long term, and environmental protection must be at the heart of the industry. Milne asks for a mutual ownership structure to prevent excess bonuses and profiteering, ensuring public money is spent on improvements. He also calls for a stronger regulator with enforcement powers. Hinchliff urges the government to bring the water sector back into public ownership to avoid further water shortfalls and to prevent private companies from prioritising profit over public interest. The public deserves the chance to decide whether private ownership of water companies should continue. There is a need for public ownership of water companies to ensure better management and investment. Sean Woodcock asked the Minister to demonstrate a greater understanding of public anger and frustration and to act with greater urgency, beyond the steps already taken, to address the water industry's issues. Dean called for Thames Water to be brought into special administration and for the government to consider public ownership of the water industry as the only credible path forward. Savage asks the Government to ban bonuses for water company executives until spills end and leaks are fixed, introduce a three-year cooling-off period for regulators to employ people from the industry they regulate, and create a single social tariff to ensure no one is priced out of essential water services.
How the Debate Unfolded
MPs spoke in turn to share their views and ask questions. Here's what each person said:
Lead Contributor
Opened the debate
Paul Davies is concerned about the economic, environmental, and public health failures of the private water sector model in the UK. He cited statistics such as the £83 billion paid out in dividends since privatisation in 1989, and the 3.61 million hours of raw sewage discharge into rivers and seas in 2024. Davies also highlighted the lack of new reservoir construction since 1992 and the decline in bathing water quality compared to European standards. He pointed out that public support for public ownership of water companies has increased, with 82% of Brits in favour, according to YouGov polling in May 2026. Feryal Clark highlighted a recent burst water main in Enfield North that left 4,500 properties without water for days. She noted the severe impact on daily life, including cooking, drinking, washing, and sanitation, and the disruption to Chase Farm hospital. Clark criticised Thames Water's inadequate response, citing conflicting information and difficulties in reaching bottled water stations for vulnerable residents. She argued that the current system is not meeting the needs of the public and the environment, raising questions about who the water industry is being run for. Claire Young expressed significant dissatisfaction with the current water sector ownership model, citing the bonus payments to the chief executive of Wessex Water despite a Government ban, and the ongoing issues with sewage releases. She highlighted that Wessex Water was criminally convicted in 2024 for sewage pumping station failure, yet the chief executive received a 14% pay increase to £671,000 in 2025. Young mentioned that 190,666 hours of raw sewage were released into waterways in 2024, equivalent to about 21 years of continuous spillage. She also noted that the company's former chief executive received £170,000 in bonuses from the parent company despite criminal convictions. Ayoub Khan is concerned about the severe impact of flooding on his constituents, highlighting instances of homes being flooded up to a metre deep, elderly residents being displaced, and families at risk due to the failure of infrastructure. He notes that the neighbourhood of Perry Beeches has been vulnerable for over a decade, yet the infrastructure remains unfixed, leading to blocked manhole covers, sewage-filled rivers, and subsidence. Khan cites the example of Severn Trent, which recorded over 36,000 sewage spills lasting more than 200,000 hours while still achieving the Environment Agency's top environmental rating of four stars, questioning the validity of such ratings. The privatisation of water has led to a 44% rise in water bills in real terms since privatisation, polluted rivers, deteriorated infrastructure, and shareholders extracting £85 billion from the water industry. Regulatory fines have failed to change the behaviour of water companies, and the underfunding of the Environment Agency and failures by Ofwat have meant that regulatory powers are often not enforced. John Milne is concerned about the inadequate regulation of the water industry following privatisation, leading to sewage pollution and system neglect. He cites Southern Water as an example, where the former CEO faces criminal charges for fraudulent sewage data. The issue has resulted in higher water bills for residents to fund infrastructure repairs. Chris Hinchliff is concerned about the financial exploitation and environmental damage caused by the privatised water sector. He cited sewage pollution during a drought and a projected water deficit of more than 6 billion litres per day within 30 years. He noted that planned reservoirs will only reduce the deficit by 13%, and efficiency targets are unlikely to be met. Additionally, fire services are warning about low water pressure for fighting wildfires, and communities have already experienced taps running dry. Thirty-seven years after privatisation, water companies are heavily in debt, rivers and coastlines are polluted, and investment is lagging. In North Somerset, a young man was hospitalised after swimming in polluted Clevedon Marine lake. The Land Yeo river in the constituency has been choked with invasive species and thick algae due to underfunding and poor investment. In 2025, a storm overflow at Portbury Wharf nature reserve discharged sewage into the Severn estuary for 721 hours, the equivalent of 30 full days. The failure of these companies is compounding the impact of climate change and drought, as seen in the underinvestment in reservoirs like the one in Barrow Gurney. Sean Woodcock highlighted the significant impact of Thames Water's failings on his constituency, mentioning thousands of sewage spills leading to hundreds of thousands of hours of sewage discharge into local rivers and streams. He noted that Thames Water customers experienced a 31% increase in water bills last year, higher than the national average of 26%. The Prime Minister's comments on the water industry's current system, where shareholders win and billpayers lose, were acknowledged as accurate. Josh Dean expressed concern about the repeated sewage discharges into the River Stort, which runs through his constituency. He mentioned that Thames Water failed to engage with him for months before agreeing to a meeting this week. Dean highlighted that the privatised water industry has failed to deliver on its promises of investment, efficiency, and better outcomes, leading to environmental degradation and public health concerns. He cited an eight-hour sewage discharge that left dead fish and visible pollution. Roz Savage is concerned about the environmental impact of sewage pollution on rivers and the financial exploitation of water customers. She mentions that over 208,000 people signed a petition, including over 600 constituents of hers, highlighting that her constituency is the ninth most sewage-polluted in the country. She cites research from the University of Greenwich estimating that between 1991 and 2023, shareholders extracted around £85 billion more from English water and sewerage companies than they contributed in new equity. Savage also notes that Thames Water deferred approximately £1 billion in investment to protect its financial position, resulting in sustained pollution on an industrial scale, with over 8,100 hours of sewage spills recorded in Fairford since 2024.
Abtisam Mohamed
Lab
Sheffield, Heeley
Abtisam Mohamed highlights the issues of a private monopoly in the water sector, noting that residents cannot choose water sources or change suppliers. She cites examples of repeated burst mains and the financial burden on residents, with Yorkshire Water paying £7.6 billion in dividends since 1989 while having £6.2 billion in debt. Mohamed calls for water to be brought back into public ownership to end stakeholder payouts and ensure cleaner rivers, lower bills, and real accountability.
Adrian Ramsay
Green
Hastings and Rye
Adrian Ramsay supports bringing water back into public ownership, highlighting the failure of the current system to invest in infrastructure and the massive dividends received by shareholders. He calls for a timetable to restore water to public ownership and criticises the use of fantastical figures to scare people off public ownership. Ramsay suggests alternative models like the Common Wealth's economic assessment and urges the Government to address company debt and statutory fines loaded onto bills.
Afzal Khan
Lab
Manchester, Gorton
Highlights a £57 increase in water bills and United Utilities' £900,000 fine for dumping raw sewage, urging the Government to treat water reform as a strategic priority.
Alex Sobel
Lab
Leeds North West
Cites Yorkshire Water's discharge of untreated sewage for 285,000 hours in 2025, arguing for the failure of the private sector.
Notes Mid Sussex constituents' lack of trust in South East Water due to its non-participation in planning consultations.
Allison Gardner
Lab
Stoke-on-Trent South
Severn Trent customers in Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire have seen their bills rise by 22% this year and expect further hikes of 47% by 2029, while the company reported £320 million in pre-tax profits. The company is responsible for over 60,000 sewage overflows and 300 pollution incidents annually. Residents of Paddock Rise and Upper Tean face raw sewage and flooding, highlighting the need for public ownership to ensure basic human rights to clean water.
Anna Dixon
Lab
Shipley
Anna Dixon spoke about the health risks posed by illegal dumping of human waste in the Aire and Wharfe rivers in her constituency, citing a case of a seven-year-old boy who was hospitalised with E. coli poisoning. She called for the Government to take action against companies like Yorkshire Water and Thames Water and to consider remunicipalisation of the water sector.
Ashley Paul Smith
Public Gallery
Ashley Paul Smith, sitting in the Public Gallery, initiated the petition for a referendum on public ownership of the water sector, which has gained over 208,000 signatures.
Enfield, Southgate
Thames Water, under private ownership, has seen a £19 billion debt and environmental failures. The speaker urges the Government to bring Thames Water into public ownership, either permanently or initially through a special administration regime, to allow for infrastructure investment and debt write-down on fairer terms.
Barry Gardiner
Lab
Brent North
He argued that the Secretary of State should use the Water Industry Act 1991 to petition the High Court to revoke the licences of water companies like Thames Water for poor performance and insolvency. He cited Thames Water discharging untreated sewage 568,674 times in a year and failing to meet investment-grade status, leading to a junk credit rating. Barry Gardiner agreed with Helena Dollimore and highlighted that water companies' fines and rebates do not affect investors but impact billpayers. Asked the Minister if the hesitation to elaborate on the Special Administration Regime (SAR) was due to a broader, holistic review of the entire water sector.
Cities of London and Westminster
Thames Water, one of the worst polluters in England, received only one star from the Environment Agency in 2025. It had 9,189 sewage spills and nearly 592 million litres of water lost to leaks daily. The company's private ownership delays inevitable Government bailout and fails constituents. The speaker asks the Minister why Thames Water has not been put in special measures or brought under public ownership.
Ben Maguire
Intervention
Ben Maguire intervened to raise a case where a constituent from Padstow was hospitalised due to sewage-related issues. He questioned the reliability of the Environment Agency's ratings, citing Surfers Against Sewage's data that 80% of hospitalisations come from bathing waters rated 'good' or 'excellent' by the Environment Agency.
Calum Miller
Lab
Central Ayrshire
He briefly requested to speak. My constituents support the petition due to being overcharged by Thames Water. The Government's refusal to consider special administration sends a signal that paying bondholders is prioritised over infrastructure improvement.
Caroline Voaden agreed with Lloyd Hatton, highlighting that sewage flows near the King of Prussia in Kingsbridge during heavy rain and that customers have to be careful about stepping outside. She supported the idea of looking again at the water ownership model.
Chris Hinchliff
Lab
Halifax
Chris Hinchliff argues for public ownership of water resources to address societal impacts of privatisation. He warns of a future water deficit and highlights the lack of credible plans to avert it, emphasizing the need for public control to ensure national security and prevent private company prioritization of profit.
Clive Lewis
Lab
Norwich South
Public ownership is pragmatic and not ideological. The country faces a water shortfall of 5 billion litres a week, and parts of the country may no longer be habitable due to severe water shortages. The public need to be able to make decisions on water allocation.
Bexleyheath and Crayford
Expressed frustration with Thames Water's incompetence and lack of accountability, highlighting disruptions caused by roadworks and bill increases for constituents. Described incidents of major leaks and town centre closures over five summers, questioning the reliability of Thames Water's information. Advocated for nationalisation and a system providing accountability over bills and resolving issues affecting town centres. Daniel Francis asked the hon. Member for South Cotswolds to give way during his intervention.
The situation described by my hon. Friend regarding Thames Water's failures justifies not having a sweetheart deal with its creditors and shareholders. They must be held accountable.
Agreed with the lead MP and highlighted issues such as profit distribution, debt, bonuses, and environmental damage from sewage discharge. Emphasised the impact on local businesses, health, and unique habitats, and paid tribute to citizen scientists and local water company workers.
Darren Paffey
Lab
Southampton Itchen
The current water model is failing with bills doubling and significant fines for companies like Southern Water. Support for nationalisation is growing, with over three-quarters of Conservative voters wanting water back in public hands. The public wants a plan to move water back into public ownership.
Expresses constituents' anger over Thames Water, advocating for special administration and nationalisation of water companies.
Proposes that water companies should be required to support rainwater harvesting to reduce water bills and sewage discharges.
My constituents want clean rivers, reliable water, proper regulation, investment, and accountability. Thames Water and South East Water have poor water loss rates and sewage discharges, and inaccurate infrastructure records. Proper investment and maintenance are required, not nationalisation.
Helena Dollimore
Lab
Hastings and Rye
The water industry is broken, with bills rising and executives evading bonus bans. There have been major water outages, flooding, and sewage dumping in the sea. A co-operative model is needed to put people before profit and fix the industry. Helena Dollimore pointed out the complexity of water company arrangements and the lack of transparency for customers regarding value for money.
Henry Tufnell
Con
Mid and South Pembrokeshire
He described the failures of the water sector in his constituency, citing the dumping of sewage into the Cleddau river. Tufnell warned against a not-for-profit model and suggested that regulatory enforcement alone is insufficient. He called for considering different forms of ownership, including nationalisation, if water companies cannot deliver for customers.
Asked if public ownership models should have a culture of accountability to the wider public, not just to shareholders.
Irene Campbell
Lab
East Ayrshire Central
Sewage spillages in Saltcoats have affected bathing water quality, leading to temporary repairs and confusing advisory signage. Scottish Water, a public Scottish Government organisation, has discharged untreated sewage 12,000 times in a single year. Public ownership needs robust accountability to ensure better service. Irene Campbell highlighted sewage spillages in Saltcoats that affected bathing water quality and confused the public about the safety of swimming. She criticised the handling of the situation by Scottish Water, a public organisation, and questioned the high salaries paid to water bosses despite poor service delivery. Campbell supports public ownership of the water industry but emphasises the need for robust accountability and governance to ensure better service.
Jacob Collier
Lab
Warwick and Leamington
Jacob Collier discussed the fundamental unfairness of the current water system where constituents' money goes directly to dividends and bonuses for shareholders and chief executives. He cited the poor state of the River Trent, polluted with E. coli, and a water main burst in Stapenhill that left 4,000 residents without water service. Collier supports public control over the water sector as a practical solution to the investment and reform challenges.
Reiterated the need for public ownership of water companies to address environmental health impacts, citing pollution and sewage spills affecting water sports users in his constituency.
Raises public health and environmental issues, citing sewage at Bournemouth beach and high E. coli levels in Christchurch harbour.
Jim Dickson
Con
Dartford
He highlighted the frustrations of his constituents with Thames Water, specifically mentioning a long-running leak at Swanscombe station and a case where a constituent, Mr Richard Jones, was incorrectly charged without a water meter due to poor service.
John Hayes
Con
South Holland and The Deepings
Highlights that around 80% of water companies are foreign-owned and urges the Government to prevent key utilities from falling into foreign hands. John Hayes intervened, referencing Joe Chamberlain's balance between private interest and public accountability, suggesting a compatibility with the views expressed by other MPs for the people.
John Milne
Lab
Hastings and Rye
Private ownership of the water industry has led to inadequate regulation, allowing water companies to extract billions in profits while neglecting infrastructure. Southern Water in Horsham is an example of this failure, with the former CEO facing criminal charges. The petition received over 200,000 signatures, but many more would have signed if aware of it. A mutual ownership structure is needed to prevent excess bonuses and ensure public trust.
Josh Newbury
Lab
Newbury
Josh Newbury discussed the issues faced by his constituents with Severn Trent Water and South Staffordshire Water, including flooding, sewage discharges, and poor water infrastructure. He highlighted the lack of customer influence over decisions and the refusal of water companies to take responsibility for finding fixes, leading to customer distrust. Newbury emphasised the importance of governance and questioned whether public ownership alone would resolve all issues, suggesting the need for customer empowerment and mutual structures.
Raises Liverpool Riverside constituents' complaints about United Utilities' 9% bill increase and £779 million profit, urging immediate in-sourcing by the Government.
Raises constituents' anger over high water bills and profits taken out of the water industry, arguing for change.
Lloyd Hatton
Green
South Dorset
Lloyd Hatton echoed the concerns about the privatised water sector, emphasizing its impact on the economy and environment of his constituency. He urged the government to overhaul the corporate culture, ensure that polluting has consequences, and review the ownership model for the water industry.
Luke Murphy
Con
Basingstoke
Luke Murphy raised concerns about South East Water's failure to invest in the Surrey hills pipeline, leading to over-abstraction of the Greywell fen, destruction of chalk streams, hindrance of the local plan, and risk of water scarcity for residents. He emphasized the importance of investment in whatever model is chosen.
Stratford-on-Avon
Manuela Perteghella discussed the impact of the privatised water system on the rivers in her constituency, including the Avon, Alne, Arrow, and Stour. She highlighted the failure of the system to protect the environment and public health, and proposed a model of mutual ownership that would increase accountability and investment in infrastructure.
Martin Wrigley
Lab
Newton Abbot
Martin Wrigley highlighted the issue of water management in his constituency, mentioning the River Exe and River Teign, and argued for the need to move water companies into public or mutual ownership. He also proposed alternative methods for fining water companies to prevent them from passing costs onto customers and stressed the importance of citizen science groups in monitoring water pollution.
Monica Harding
Lab
Bristol North West
She thanked the hon. Gentleman for his generosity in giving way, questioning the fairness of Thames Water incurring nearly £2 billion in financing costs and restructuring fees while constituent bills rise.
Neil Hudson
Con
Epping Forest
He expressed condolences to the Prime Minister on the passing of his father and thanked the hon. Member for Colne Valley for opening the debate. Neil Hudson raised concerns about water outages, environmental pollution, and poor communication from Thames Water during the summer's heatwave. He mentioned that over 208,000 signatures were collected for the petition. He cited the example of a 500 kg horse needing 25 litres of water daily and a lactating dairy cow needing over 100 litres, highlighting the need for water companies to step up during outages. He questioned the Government's measures to ensure water companies prepare for crises and asked for reassurance on infrastructure assessment to prevent leaks and bursts.
Noah Law
Lab
Enfield, Southgate
Welcomed the shift in conversation on public control of the water industry, acknowledging the need for honest answers rather than easy ones. Discussed four options for taking back control: cost-free nationalisation, paying the full price, waiting for bankruptcy, and having a democratic conversation to determine investment levels. Mentioned the Good Growth Foundation's work on the special administration scheme to take control of the water industry for public good. The MP supported the Labour Government's initiative to build more reservoirs for the first time in decades.
Olly Glover
Lib Dem
Didcot and Abingdon South
He thanked Thames Water's frontline teams but criticised the company's corporate dysfunction, citing 107,000 hours of sewage discharge into rivers and lakes in the previous year. He noted that £23 billion of Thames Water's assets are in urgent need of repair and that the company has £20 billion of debt, with 33% of customers' bills spent servicing that debt. He proposed that water companies should become mutually owned public benefit corporations instead of being nationalised.
Public health should be central to discussions on water ownership, with a focus on clean and safe water. The case for public ownership is evident in the preventable pollution and risks faced by communities, as illustrated by the tragic story of Heather, who died due to E. coli contamination during a holiday. Public health should be central in discussions about water ownership, with a focus on preventing pollution and ensuring clean, safe water. Constituents should not have to become experts in sewage discharge maps to decide whether to enjoy local rivers.
He briefly requested to speak and was acknowledged by the previous speaker.
Rachael Maskell
Lab
York Central
Rachael Maskell highlighted the human and environmental cost of sewage and chemical pollutants, the revolving doors between regulators and companies, and the unaccountable power within the water industry. She called for public ownership of water companies and the establishment of a citizens assembly to hold these companies accountable, ensuring the public can have a say in decision-making processes.
Richard Burgon
Lab
Leeds East
He thanked petitioners and constituents for supporting the debate, stating that the privatisation of water and sewerage systems in England and Wales has been a catastrophic failure for the public, environment, and children. Burgon highlighted Yorkshire Water's poor performance and high executive salaries, arguing that full public ownership is needed to address climate challenges and ensure a system that works for everyone.
Suggests that South West Water should become a company for public benefit and mutualised, drawing on a documentary about the company.
Richard Quigley
Lab
Isle of Wight
Richard Quigley highlights the unacceptable state of the water sector in his constituency, citing 14,902 hours of sewage pollution since the 2024 election. He argues against private equity's influence and supports public control of water as an essential public service. The island has experienced 14,902 hours of sewage since the 2024 election, leading to frustration and a lack of trust in private companies. The privatisation of the 1980s is questioned, with evidence suggesting public ownership could deliver a fairer and more sustainable system. Water should be a public service, not controlled by private equity.
Rosie Duffield
Lab
Canterbury
Whitstable in Canterbury has suffered frequent sewage overflows and pollution for years, impacting public health and quality of life. Despite Southern Water's promises, the problem persists, leading to the formation of SOS Whitstable, which has gathered over 250,000 signatures demanding public ownership of water companies. Whitstable has faced frequent sewage releases into the sea for six years, with Southern Water providing excuses and investments but failing to resolve issues. SOS Whitstable campaigned for public ownership, now supported by over 250,000 signatures.
Campaigns for Cocklemoor on the River Parrett to be designated as a bathing water site, citing pollution due to Wessex Water's prioritisation of profits.
Sarah Hall
Lab
Warrington South
Water is an essential public service that should be run in the public interest. The current system has led to neglect, failure to upgrade infrastructure, sewage dumping, and skyrocketing bills. People need a publicly owned water company that works holistically across the whole system, giving businesses certainty and investing in skills and technology.
Sarah Russell
Lab
Torbay
She expressed concern about the impact of water privatisation, noting that £85 billion has been paid out in dividends since 1990. Russell highlighted issues of high utility costs, water leakage, and the impact on public health and horticulture businesses. She also called for revisiting laws to allow renationalisation of water companies if they are failing to meet public needs.
Sean Woodcock
Con
Staffordshire Moorlands
Will the hon. Member give way?
The hon. Member should agree that independent audit and monitoring of data from water companies is necessary to improve regulation. In Folkestone and Hythe, beaches are subject to 'Do not swim' warnings due to data provided by Southern Water.
Notes Severn Trent's £850 million profit increase while constituents' bills rise by 10%, questioning the fairness of the current system.
Government Response
Emma Hardy
Government Response
Expressed sympathy for the Prime Minister and acknowledged the importance of the debate. Highlighted the need for significant reform, tougher regulation, and financial resilience in the water industry. Mentioned the Prime Minister's commitment to a 10-year plan for stronger public control over essentials such as water. Acknowledged the need for public control and accountability in the water sector. Noted the need for rainwater management and the high quality of England's drinking water. Acknowledged the public concern about sewage pollution and the need for public trust in the sector. Emphasised the Government's commitment to returning critical services to public service and bringing down costs for families through reforms.
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