It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship this morning, Mr Efford. I am grateful to the right hon. Member for Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale and Tweeddale (David Mundell) for securing this debate. I thank all Members who have contributed and will do my best to respond to the points raised. Twenty years ago, many believed that globalisation, economic growth and international co-operation would steadily drive down poverty and expand opportunity across the world. That ambition remains as important today as it was then, but the world has changed dramatically. We are living through a period of geopolitical fragmentation, increasing conflict and economic uncertainty. The assumptions around development policy no longer hold, so we must adapt. Many traditional and significant donor countries have announced or are carrying out reductions to their official development assistance budgets. Global aid fell by 23% in 2025—the largest year-on-year reduction we have ever seen. As this House is aware, the Government made the difficult decision to reduce the UK ODA budget to fund a necessary increase in defence spending. That was a tough decision that many Members have talked about today, and not all Members agreed with it. I understand that, but it was the right decision given the threats our country faces. Constrained ODA, though, is only part of the story. That is clear when we look at Africa, where the annual financing gap—the difference between the investment Africa needs each year to deliver the sustainable development goals and the funding it can currently access—is around $1.3 trillion. In contrast, aid to sub-Saharan Africa totalled $66.5 billion in 2024. That gap demonstrates that traditional ODA flows have only ever amounted to a small fraction of what is actually needed. In other words, ODA can only be part of a solution, not the whole solution. Continuing to work in the same way and expecting different results is no longer defensible. Low-income and middle-income countries have been calling for change for some time. They want long-term genuine partnerships based on mutual respect and shared priorities, not paternalism. To reflect that new reality, we are modernising our approach to international development through four essential shifts: moving from donor to investor; from service delivery to support systems; from grants to expertise; and from international intervention to local leadership. We will prioritise multilateral organisations in the ODA budget where the international system is required to deliver at scale and with legitimacy, including the World Bank's International Development Association and the African Development Fund. The UK remains a steadfast global leader in the global HIV response, having pledged £850 million for the Global Fund and supporting an effective transition of UNAIDS that protects essential functions. We are also investing in innovation to expand access to new long-acting HIV prevention and treatment technologies. Meanwhile, we prioritise our bilateral support for countries and communities with the highest humanitarian need, committing £1.4 billion a year over the next three years, fully protecting budgets for Ukraine, Sudan, Palestine, and Lebanon during crisis periods. In conclusion, in May, the UK hosted the Global Partnerships Conference that brought together participants from Governments, multilateral organisations, business, tech, philanthropy, and civil society to discuss genuine partnership as the basis for our modern development approach.