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Online Animal Sales: Regulation
13 December 2021
Lead MP
Christina Rees
Neath
Lab
Responding Minister
Jo Churchill
Tags
Justice & CourtsEconomyTaxationEmploymentForeign AffairsBusiness & TradeAgriculture & Rural AffairsLocal Government
Word Count: 13057
Other Contributors: 14
At a Glance
Christina Rees raised concerns about online animal sales: regulation in Westminster Hall. A government minister responded.
Key Requests to Government:
The MP asks the government to support 'Reggie's law' to prevent 'dogfishing', improve traceability, and ensure that every seller produces photo ID and proof-of-address documents. She also requests the Minister to consider amending regulations to include private sales and to provide more resources for enforcement agencies.
How the Debate Unfolded
MPs spoke in turn to share their views and ask questions. Here's what each person said:
Lead Contributor
The MP is concerned about the impact of online animal sales on animal welfare, citing the tragic case of a puppy named Reggie who was sold through an online platform and subsequently died from parvovirus. She mentioned that the microchip number for Reggie did not match the documentation provided by the seller, indicating potential illegal importation. The MP highlighted existing regulations under the Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) Regulations 2018 but noted their limitations in addressing private sales and online sellers posing as private individuals. She also pointed to a lack of enforcement due to understaffed local authority trading standards departments.
Pontypridd
She highlighted the joy of bringing home a new pet but expressed concern over the rise in online animal sales, noting that 92% of pet sales occur online. She mentioned tragic cases of animals being bred or transported under poor conditions and sold to unsuspecting customers, citing Reggie's law campaign with more than 100,000 signatures. She also discussed existing regulations not working effectively due to insufficient enforcement by local authorities.
Andy Carter
Lab
Warrington South
I am really pleased to be able to contribute to this debate because as a two-time dog owner, I think there is something very special about animals, particularly dogs. They give us companionship and loyalty. This House needs to be able to highlight the issue of unregulated advertising and puppy farming. People in my Warrington South constituency have told me that they have lost money after responding to posts advertising dogs, puppies, cats and kittens on social media, online marketplaces and other pet-selling platforms. Suggested that online platforms should have a responsibility in regulating pet sales, similar to regulations for broadcast and newspaper sales. Described the current situation as unregulated, akin to the 'Wild West'. Discusses the impact of illegal puppy farming and supports calls for stronger regulation on online platforms. Emphasizes the need for councils to be better funded and resourced to enforce laws effectively. Carter suggested that social media companies could play a more significant role by creating forms for entering licence numbers to verify sellers, echoing the need for stricter regulation on online animal sales.
Daniel Zeichner
Lab
Cambridge
Zeichner congratulated Christina Rees on her introduction and highlighted the need for regulation in the online world, citing the rise of animal welfare issues due to changes brought about by the pandemic. He noted that the current legislation does not go far enough, mentioning specific amendments proposed during the Animal Welfare (Kept Animals) Bill's Committee stage aimed at verifying seller identities and requiring photographs of animals with their parents. Questions whether self-regulation will be sufficient and suggests the need to go further in regulating online animal sales.
Jim Shannon
DUP
Strangford
Jim Shannon spoke about his lifelong love for animals and the need to regulate online animal sales due to lack of regulation and potential abuse. He highlighted horror stories from puppy farms, emphasizing that regulations like those in France could be beneficial, including mandating tax numbers in online pet adverts. He suggested forming a working group to explore effective measures.
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
Will the hon. Member commend the work of the RSPCA and the Animal Welfare Foundation, who have come up with a puppy contract? This contract could empower someone looking to purchase a puppy or a dog, and help them avoid some of the pitfalls that come from dealing with irresponsible breeders. Jonathan Edwards mentioned illegal puppy farms in Carmarthenshire and questioned whether penalties need to be increased, citing an instance of a £200,000 fine.
Lisa Cameron
SNP
East Kilbride, Strathaven and Lesmahagow
Pays tribute to the hon. Member for Neath for setting the scene on animal welfare matters. Mentions the work of Richard Ackers in campaigning against illegal puppy farming and pays special tribute to Reggie's campaign which highlights the need for better regulation online. Cites the importance of cross-party collaboration and mentions Lucy's law as a positive step but calls for further measures to strengthen enforcement.
Margaret Ferrier
SNP
Rottenrow East
The UK has seen an increase in pet adoptions and sales, leading to unscrupulous sellers prioritizing profit over animal welfare. Existing licensing laws are inadequate for online platforms where private sellers operate without licenses. The Pet Advertising Advisory Group's voluntary standards need legislative backing to ensure compliance. Cat breeding is regulated in Scotland but not elsewhere in the UK, with concerns about regulation thresholds and unintended consequences such as abandoned kittens. The speaker urged the Minister to provide details on plans to regulate cat and rabbit sales.
Mark Pawsey
Con
Rugby
The MP expressed support for the campaign against online animal cruelty, noting that Lucy's Law has helped prohibit the sale of dogs and cats under six months other than by the breeder. He highlighted the importance of ensuring new regulations do not inadvertently drive sellers to operate from outside UK jurisdictions.
Mike Penning
Con
Hemel Hempstead
Mr Penning highlighted the issue of online sales of animals, particularly puppies from puppy farms, which he described as abhorrent. He recounted his experiences working in north London where puppies were sold illegally and called for action to regulate these practices today rather than after events have occurred. He cited cases where constituents had received ill or misrepresented puppies due to fraudulent online sellers. Mr Penning also emphasised the need for local authorities to be equipped with expertise and tools to combat criminal activity within this market. Mike Penning intervened to highlight the issue of mutilated dogs being sold on these sites and called for shutting down this market with full force of law. Penning stressed the importance of tracing animals similar to how livestock are traced, arguing that it should not be beyond capabilities given the information available for other types of animals like pigs and cattle.
Neale Hanvey
Lab
Wigan
Mr Hanvey thanked Richard Ackers for his tireless campaigning against the illegal puppy trade and online animal sales. He highlighted the ease with which pets can be sold online, emphasizing the need for comprehensive ID checks of sellers and evidence of the mother's identity to prevent illegal importation and breeding. Mr Hanvey cited examples from Victoria, Australia, where similar legislation led to a significant drop in dog theft and illegal breeding.
Peter Dowd
Lab
Bootle
Mr Dowd expressed concern that websites are not a safe place to buy pets, noting that an estimated 92% of pets are sold online with most sellers taking little responsibility in the sale. He agreed that passing the proposed law would set an example for other countries and benefit both consumers buying dogs and the animals themselves, advocating for stringent regulations on online animal sales.
Roger Gale
Con
Herne Bay and Sandwich
Illustrated the traumatic background of dogs sold online, including breeding practices that cause suffering and health issues. Proposed licensing and identification for all sellers, regardless of commercial or private status, to ensure accountability on online platforms.
Mike Penning
Con
Hemel Hempstead
Highlights ongoing issues with illegal puppy farming and emphasizes the need for stronger regulations on online sales. Points out that councils are underfunded and understaffed in policing such laws, calling for more support.
Roger Gale
Con
North Thanet
Calls for stricter enforcement of existing regulations and highlights issues with underfunded councils struggling to police online sales. Emphasizes the need for collaboration between Government, councils, and online platforms.
Government Response
Jo Churchill
Government Response
Indeed I will, Mr Mundell; it is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship. I start by paying tribute to the hon. Member for Neath (Christina Rees), who laid out brilliantly the challenges we face: she cantered through the challenge posed by the online world while recognising the work of the Pet Advertising Advisory Group. I pay tribute to Richard, or Rick, Ackers for the work he has done. As he has heard this afternoon, we do not always speak with one voice in this place, but he has managed to galvanise Members from all sides of the House to put forward a very compelling case that there is a challenge here. I hope he will hear in my response something to give him hope that we recognise not only that the issue is a challenge, but that we need help from people like him to get the right answers. Such cases cause emotional distress. As we heard from the hon. Member for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (Neale Hanvey), when someone is presented with a small puppy, their heart melts. As a Labrador owner, my sympathy is with Richard, his family and his children. What happened is just grim.
We are a nation of animal lovers—if we wanted to prove that, this afternoon's debate could not have done a better job. We abhor with one voice the mistreatment of animals. The Government have worked hard to improve the welfare of animals wherever they are, but, as today's debate has outlined, there are still gaps that need filling. Our record on animal welfare is good, and in recent years we have done more to make sure that we are filling those gaps and that animals receive the care and protection they deserve. Only in June this year, the Animal Welfare (Sentencing) Act 2021 came into force, delivering on our manifesto commitment to increase the sentences available in our courts for the most serious cases of animal cruelty from six months to five years. We also launched our action plan for animal welfare this year, bringing together the wide range of different issues we are dealing with and setting out our future aims and ambitions.
As we have heard, the Justice For Reggie campaign that stems from Reggie's sad little life focuses on the advertising requirements that apply to the sale of pets. The online sale of pets is currently regulated as follows: under the Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018, anyone in the business of selling animals as pets, or breeding or selling dogs, requires a valid licence. As we have heard, this is a challenge: we have strengthened things up such that dog breeders are expected to obtain a licence if they breed and sell three or more litters per year. The sale of puppies, kittens, ferrets and rabbits under the age of eight weeks is prohibited, and we talk to Scotland quite regularly about that issue, to ensure we can learn from what is being done there. That prohibition prevents licensed breeders from selling dogs not bred by them and from breeding dogs where it can be reasonably expected, on the basis of their genotype, phenotype or health, that doing so would lead to welfare problems.
Licensed breeders must also show puppies to purchasers in the presence of their mum. However, we heard that that is not always the easiest thing to insist on when someone is presented with the puppy, particularly if those around them want to take it home. Licensed sellers advertising puppies for sale must include their number; during the recent Animals (Penalty Notices) Bill, the shadow Minister and I spoke about how that will add another tool to our toolbox. We heard about how Lucy's law stops the early separation of animals from their mums, unnecessary journeys at a young age from breeder to pet shop, and the keeping of puppies in inappropriate commercial premises. We have also heard that, for all that, these things still go on.
Under these licensing requirements, licensees must meet strict statutory welfare standards. Anybody who advertises must include their number on the advert, and must specify which local authority issued the licence. There is an onus on us, and Rick has said that at every stage he should have done more. However, I am cognisant of the fact that while that is easy to say, it is quite challenging to do.
My hon. Friend brings up a point about responsibility. There is responsibility on those who purchase and on the breeders, but there must also be responsibility on online companies. The hon. Member for Neath mentioned databases; making sure that databases are functional is also important in this space, and it is something that I think Mr Ackers has also addressed in his work.
My right hon. Friend makes a good point. Covid has meant that the movement of livestock is recorded much more online, which has shown us ways of traceability.
In addition to the duties to show the age of the animal for sale and a recognised photograph, the commercial third party sale of puppies and kittens has been banned in England since 6 April 2020. That prevents commercial outlets from selling animals in England unless they themselves have bred them. As I said before, licensed breeders are prohibited from showing a puppy to a prospective purchaser unless the biological mum is also present. There is an exemption in limited circumstances when welfare concerns must take precedence. However, as my right hon. Friend the Member for North Thanet (Sir Roger Gale) pointed out, some unscrupulous breeders rarely think of the consequences for the mother when they are doing this under the line.
Alongside the statutory regulation of commercial pet breeders and pet sellers, we support the self-regulation of online platforms that sell pets. We do this through the close working relationship we have with PAAG, which was created to combat concerns regarding the irresponsible advertising of pets for sale, or for rehoming for exchange.
PAAG has been engaging with the online marketplaces, to help them distinguish appropriate adverts from those that should be removed. PAAG has developed a set of minimum standards for advertising pets for sale. Several of the UK's largest classifieds websites have already adopted these minimum standards, which the Government support. DEFRA also runs a public communications campaign called Petfished; it raises awareness of issues associated with the low welfare and illegal supply of pets, including encouraging prospective buyers to research thoroughly.
The inclusion of advertising requirements within the local authority licensing regime serves an important purpose, ensuring that those with the power to issue, revoke, refuse or vary a licence can act where requirements are not met. That builds on the local authority's ability to investigate and prosecute animal welfare issues under the Animal Welfare Act 2006.
The net result is a rounded approach that lets local authorities investigate local instances of low-welfare breeding and selling, pursue prosecutions where animal welfare standards are breached, and manage the licensing regime. I have heard many hon. Members today saying that there are big gaps, so I will briefly address those comments.
My right hon. Friend the Member for Hemel Hempstead spoke about mutilations of dogs. The Animal Welfare (Kept Animals) Bill includes a power to make regulations about the importation of pet animals into Great Britain, for the purposes of promoting animal welfare. That will enable us to clamp down on the importation of dogs that have been subject to low-welfare practices, such as ear cropping or tail docking.
As I said to the hon. Member for Rutherglen and Hamilton West (Margaret Ferrier), we have regular contact with our Scottish counterparts, but the LAIA regulations require anyone selling rabbits as pets to obtain that valid licence, as with any other area. On online sales, DEFRA does have a responsibility to improve self-regulation through PAAG and the LAIA regulations, but the other aspects sit with DCMS. I will come on to how we are working, and intend to work more fully, with the Department.
My hon. Friend the Member for Warrington South (Andy Carter) spoke about how particularly special dogs are to families, and how parents need to be present; I urge people to ensure that they are. We have heard about the Dotties and the Doras, and from my right hon. Friend the Member for Hemel Hempstead about how sad a home is when we lose a dog.
Online sales outside the UK that result in animals being imported are not captured by the current licensing regime and neither are pets rehomed by rescue centres, but the Animal Welfare (Kept Animals) Bill will introduce further restrictions on imports to combat low-welfare movements. We are working towards the licensing of rescue centres.
To conclude, we think a holistic approach is possible, but I am well aware that the key stakeholders—trade associations, PAAG, the Pet Industry Federation, and the Canine and Feline Sector Group—will be integral to collecting evidence to inform DEFRA's review. In addition, I would welcome any evidence that Justice for Reggie may hold about how we can improve that.
Following this debate, I will ask officials to meet representatives of the Justice for Reggie campaign in the coming days so that we can take on board any information and evidence they can provide that can assist our understanding of these issues. There will also be a roundtable with PAAG and some of the online platforms in the new year, which Justice for Reggie would be welcome to attend to make its points in person.
To conclude, the Government are proud of the improved protections that we have introduced and of our ambitious and progressive reform programme, but there is further to go. I hope that those present today have been reassured that we take this issue seriously and will work together, across Government and with those involved, to improve the situation.
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