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Free School Meals — [Mr Clive Betts in the Chair]
07 May 2024
Lead MP
Munira Wilson
Twickenham
Lib Dem
Responding Minister
Damian Hinds
Tags
NHSEducationTaxationEmploymentWomen & EqualitiesMental HealthLocal Government
Word Count: 13029
Other Contributors: 12
At a Glance
Munira Wilson raised concerns about free school meals — [mr clive betts in the chair] in Westminster Hall. A government minister responded.
Key Requests to Government:
The Liberal Democrats want the government to extend free school meals to all children in poverty and ensure every child who is entitled to them actually receives them. They also propose making changes like auto-enrolment to increase take-up rates, improve nutritional quality of meals, and fund increases that keep up with inflation.
How the Debate Unfolded
MPs spoke in turn to share their views and ask questions. Here's what each person said:
Lead Contributor
The Liberal Democrats are worried about children going hungry at school and the impact on their health, education, and well-being. Stories of children hiding in playgrounds or eating non-food items due to lack of food highlight the issue. Statistics show that 20% of households with children reported experiencing food insecurity in January 2024, and over 900,000 children miss out on free school meals despite living in poverty. Parents face impossible choices when trying to feed their children, as seen by a mother skipping her mental health medication to afford food for her daughter.
Beth Winter
Lab
Cynon Valley
Diolch yn fawr, Mr Betts and it is a pleasure to serve under your chairship. I believe that access to sufficient, nutritious food is a basic right for children's development. Free school meals are essential but due to the low household income threshold of £7,400, close to 1 million children living in poverty in England do not qualify for free school meal provision despite evidence showing its benefits. In Wales, all primary school children now receive free school meals as part of a co-operation agreement between Welsh Labour and Plaid Cymru.
Carol Monaghan
SNP
Glasgow North West
Emphasised the importance of children being well-fed to learn effectively, highlighting that child poverty is at a record high with 30% of all UK children living in poverty. Criticized the means-testing for free school meals as it impacts many working families struggling despite being employed. Advocated for Scotland's universal policy on free school meals, noting its positive impact on reducing food bank use and childhood obesity.
Newcastle upon Tyne North
The cost of living crisis is exacerbating child poverty, leaving many children going hungry. Around 2 million pupils are eligible for free school meals, a sharp increase due to economic failure rather than government generosity. Labour plans to fund breakfast clubs in every primary school at an estimated £365 million annually, aiming to improve attendance and reduce the attainment gap.
Clive Betts
Lab
Sheffield South East
The Chair advised Front Benchers to keep their contributions to eight minutes, allowing six minutes for Back-Bench Members. Clive Betts thanked colleagues for cooperation on time management and called for Front Benchers to participate in the debate.
Ian Byrne
Lab
Liverpool West Derby
Ian Byrne highlighted the campaign for free school meals initiated by children from Monksdown Primary School in Liverpool. He mentioned that over 4 million children experienced food insecurity last year, including many in his constituency where child poverty rates are high. Byrne argued that universal provision of nutritious free breakfast and lunch would improve academic attainment, reduce stigma around school food, and ensure equal opportunities for all children regardless of economic circumstances.
Ian Lavery
Lab
Blyth and Ashington
Ian Lavery shared his personal experience of being on free school meals as a child, highlighting the stigma and difficulties faced by children in poverty. He cited statistics showing wealth inequality and argued that political choices exacerbate food and child poverty. Lavery recounted an incident where a young boy stole food due to hunger, emphasizing the moral obligation to address this issue.
Lyn Brown
Lab
Newham Westside
Newham has been providing universal free school meals for over a decade. With Newham having the second highest child poverty rate and the highest homelessness rate in the country, Lyn Brown emphasizes the importance of these meals as they are often the only hot meal children receive daily. She highlights that the programme is essential due to increasing financial hardships among families and stresses the need for government support to sustain the initiative.
Patricia Gibson
SNP
North Ayrshire and Arran
Ms. Gibson highlighted the Scottish Government's extensive free school meal programme, covering primary pupils from P1 to P5 and eligible older children. She mentioned that 231,967 children benefited last year with 29% of her constituency's children living in poverty. Scotland plans to expand universal provision to all primary children by 2026 supported by £43 million in capital funding and £21.7 million for eligible pupils during holidays. She criticised the incoming Labour Government's stance on free school meals, pointing out their refusal to commit despite previous promises. Questioned whether feeling hungry after lunch is also a problem that needs addressing through universal free school meals. Raised the issue of inclusivity, advocating for universalism in providing free school meals.
Rachael Maskell
Lab Co-op
York Central
Rachael Maskell highlighted that in York, only about 75% of the approximately 4,000 children entitled to free school meals are actually receiving them due to a lack of auto-enrolment. She praised the 'York Hungry Minds' initiative which aims to provide nutritious meals to hungry children and has shown promising results such as improved attendance and engagement in learning. Maskell called for continued funding and support from the Government to roll out similar programmes across the city.
Sharon Hodgson
Lab
Washington and Gateshead South
She expressed concerns about the unfair means-testing criteria for free school meals in England compared to other devolved nations. She highlighted that only children from households receiving universal credit with an annual income of less than £7,400 are eligible, which leaves 900,000 poor children ineligible according to Child Poverty Action Group. Sharon also stressed the need to increase funding per meal to at least £3 and implement automatic enrolment for free school meals. Sharon Hodgson intervened to support Ian Byrne's argument by referencing the findings of John Vincent and Henry Dimbleby, who stated that removing stigma through universal free primary school meals improved academic performance for those already entitled to them. Noted the issue of dinner money debt and suggested universal free school meals would solve this problem. Encouraged consideration of this aspect when developing policy on free school meals. Emphasised that universal infant free school meals were a coalition government policy rather than solely a Conservative initiative.
Stephen Timms
Lab
East Ham
Mr Timms highlighted that 30% of children were in poverty after housing costs in 2022-23, the highest number since 1998-99. He cited a Government survey indicating one-tenth of all households and 15% of households with children faced food insecurity, while the Food Foundation reported higher rates using a US model. The Member emphasised that extending free school meals to those claiming universal credit could help reduce obesity, absenteeism, improve academic attainment and lifetime earnings based on PwC analysis. Has the Minister thought about the prospect of uprating that £7,400-a-year income threshold for eligibility for free school meals?
Zarah Sultana
Your Party
Coventry South
Zarah Sultana highlighted that 14 years of Conservative Government have led to a record number of children in poverty across the UK, with strict eligibility criteria for free school meals leaving many without support. She argued for universal free school meals, citing benefits such as improved concentration and health outcomes, and emphasized the stigma associated with means-tested policies.
Government Response
Damian Hinds
Government Response
It is a great pleasure to see you in the Chair, Mr Betts. I join colleagues in congratulating the hon. Member for Twickenham on securing this important debate. The Government are determined to ensure that every child, regardless of their background, has the best start in life, and nutrition and school meals are important in that. Not only do they support the development of healthy eating habits that can pave the way to lifelong wellbeing, but they help pupils to concentrate, learn and get the most from their education in the immediate term. The Department for Education spends more than £1.5 billion annually on policies to deliver free and nutritious food to children and young people; that is on food provision alone. On top of that, we allocate money to schools to support the education and opportunity of disadvantaged children that is driven by their free-school-meal status, such as through the pupil premium and the deprivation factor in the national funding formula. I am proud that this Government have extended eligibility for free school meals more than any other. We spend over £1 billion per annum delivering free lunches to the greatest ever proportion of school children: over a third. This change is despite unemployment being down by a million, more than 600,000 fewer children being in workless households since 2010 and the proportion of people in low hourly pay having halved since 2015. Overall, more than 2 million pupils are eligible for benefits-related free school meals. In addition, as we have just been discussing, 1.3 million infants in reception, year 1 and year 2 get a free meal under the universal infant free school meals policy, which was introduced in 2014. Further to that, more than 90,000 disadvantaged students in further education receive a free meal at lunchtime. We have also introduced extensive protections, which have been in effect since 2018. They ensure that any child eligible for free school meals will retain their entitlement and keep getting free meals until the end of the phase—in other words, until the end of primary or secondary—even if their family's income rises above the income threshold such that this would otherwise have stopped. We continue to support the provision of breakfast by investing up to £40 million in the national school breakfast programme. This funding supports up to 2,700 schools in disadvantaged areas and means that thousands of children from low-income families are offered a free, nutritious breakfast to better support their attainment, wellbeing and readiness to learn. Further to that, we recognise that nutrition does not cease to be an issue outside of term time, and that holiday periods can be particularly difficult for disadvantaged and low-income families. That is one reason why we continue to support the delivery of enriching activities and provision of nutritious food through the holiday activities and food programme, which has been backed by more than £200 million in funding and now sees all 153 local authorities in England taking part. The success of the programme is plain to see. Since 2022, it has provided 11.3 million HAF—holiday activities and food—days to children and young people in this country. Across 2023, more than 5 million HAF days were provided during Easter, summer and winter delivery. In response to the hon. Member for York Central, there is a degree of flexibility for individual school provision for eligibility for that facility. We recognise that pursuing policies that facilitate work and create jobs is the single most important poverty-tackling policy that a Government can have. Colleagues, including the hon. Members for Twickenham and for Washington and Sunderland West, brought up the important question of auto-enrolment. We want to make it as simple as possible for schools and local authorities to determine eligibility and for families to apply. That is why we have the eligibility checking service. I am also aware of some of the innovative things local authorities are doing to look at auto-enrolment, which we will look at closely. Historically, it has not been straightforward to achieve auto-enrolment, but it is definitely something we want to study further and learn from. We have done what we committed to do: update guidance in that area, particularly regarding children with disabilities, to make clear the duty to make reasonable adjustments under relevant legislation.
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