Naseem Shah is concerned about the rise of extremism and unregulated technological advances in artificial intelligence, which threaten social cohesion and democratic stability. He cites the Khan review's findings that eighty-five per cent of the public acknowledge the presence of freedom-restricting harassment and sixty percent perceive it as worsening over time. Additionally, he highlights issues such as self-censorship due to abuse and intimidation, leading to a suppression of free speech.