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Elections Bill - Clause on voter identification requirements
07 September 2021
Lead MP
Chloe Smith
Debate Type
Bill Debate
Tags
Crime & Law EnforcementEconomyDemocracy & Elections
Other Contributors: 77
At a Glance
Chloe Smith raised concerns about elections bill - clause on voter identification requirements in the House of Commons. Other MPs contributed to the debate.
How the Debate Unfolded
MPs spoke in turn to share their views and ask questions. Here's what each person said:
Lead Contributor
Opened the debate
The MP Chloe Smith moved that the Elections Bill be read a second time, emphasising the need to update electoral security measures in response to challenges like electoral fraud and personation. She cited examples of such incidents, notably in Tower Hamlets, where fraudulent activities undermined democratic processes. Smith argued that introducing photo identification requirements would bolster election integrity without disenfranchising voters, pointing out that 98% of the population already holds acceptable forms of ID. The minister also highlighted efforts to provide free local voter cards for those who lack other forms of photo identification.
Catherine West
Lab
Hornsey and Friern Barnet
West expressed concern that new ID requirements could further depress already low voter turnout in some areas, due to the increased bureaucratic burden on voters.
Anna McMorrin
Lab
Cardiff North
McMorrin argued that voter identification is a form of suppression and criticised the bill for not extending voting rights to 16 and 17-year-olds.
Alex Sobel
Lab Co-op
Leeds Central
Sobel highlighted that young people are disproportionately affected by ID requirements, suggesting the bill should include a wider range of accepted forms of identification.
Alistair Carmichael
Lib Dem
Orkney and Shetland
Carmichael pointed out that during trials of voter ID requirements, 700 individuals who were turned away did not return to vote, questioning the impact on turnout.
Miller supported the bill, noting that two-thirds of people surveyed felt more confident in election security with voter ID requirements.
Joanna Cherry
SNP
Edinburgh South West
Cherry raised concerns about potential discrimination against certain groups less likely to hold photo ID and asked for plans to mitigate such impacts.
Alec Shelbrooke
Con
Wetherby
Shelbrooke emphasised the importance of international standards in ensuring election security, comparing voter ID requirements with other forms of identification required elsewhere.
Ronnie Cowan
SNP
Inverclyde
Cowan questioned whether there has been any analysis on the impact of photo ID requirements in Northern Ireland, specifically noting concerns about voter turnout.
John Redwood
Con
Wokingham
Redwood supported the bill by highlighting the increasing need for digital identification and the responsibility to protect against fraud in elections.
Mark Fletcher
Con
Devizes
Fletcher argued that postal vote harvesting disproportionately affects certain groups, such as those with limited English proficiency, and defended the bill's provisions as necessary protection for democratic processes.
Geraint Davies
Lab
Cynon Valley
Davies challenged claims of widespread personation without evidence, comparing it to unsubstantiated allegations in the US that led to violence against democracy.
Southgate and Wood Green
Charalambous questioned whether clause 8 of the bill would weaken provisions for blind voters, suggesting it contradicts existing legislation that enables easier voting.
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
Edwards noted inconsistencies with devolved administrations allowing non-British citizens to vote in local elections, questioning the logic of excluding EU nationals from similar rights.
Catherine West
Lab
Hornsey and Friern Barnet
Indicated dissent towards the clause. Raised concerns about allegations against Conservative party donations, mentioning £400,000 in donations including controversial sources such as a former Russian Minister and a friend of President Assad. She urged for stronger measures to prevent similar issues.
Asked the Minister about recommendations from the Committee on Standards in Public Life, specifically regarding 47 practical steps suggested for modernising and streamlining donations and spending regulation. Questioned which of these recommendations would be brought forward by the Government.
Noted that the Minister had been speaking for 33 minutes and encouraged progress in the debate to allow other Members to contribute. Also intervened regarding allegations made against democracy, urging respect for elections.
Asked if measures would apply to websites fronted by political activists masquerading as concerned members of the public.
Cat Smith
Lab
Lancaster and Wyre
Argues that the Bill undermines democracy by not reaching out for cross-party consensus, fails to modernise electoral laws, increases barriers to voting, particularly for disenfranchised groups such as disabled people, older individuals, and those without financial means. The Bill is seen as a threat to transparency and accountability.
David Davis
Con
Goole and Pocklington
Intervenes to argue that the Labour party did not consult the Opposition when changing electoral law during their term in office, suggesting a lack of consistency from Cat Smith's argument.
Points out that 98% of people already have access to appropriate ID and that free alternatives will be available from councils, questioning the basis of opposition arguments on disenfranchisement.
Karen Buck
Lab
Worsley and Eccles South
Supports Cat Smith's argument, highlighting that free voter ID will still be at public expense and proposes alternative spending on voter registration to boost turnout instead.
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
Concerned that the Bill, when combined with other legislation like the boundary review and scrapping of Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011, could skew future elections.
Alec Shelbrooke
Con
Wetherby
Questions Cat Smith's disregard for international recommendations from the OSCE that ID at ballots is an important part of ballot security.
Steven Baker
Con
Wycombe
Argues against the effectiveness of current prosecution mechanisms and suggests that people are not being held accountable for violations, implying voter ID could help address this issue.
Anthony Browne
Lab Co-op
South West Surrey
Challenges Cat Smith's claim by questioning the Labour party's requirement of voter ID for local party gatherings and their history in enforcing it, suggesting hypocrisy.
Wera Hobhouse
Lib Dem
Bath
Expresses concern that voter ID requirements disproportionately affect voters from ethnic minority backgrounds, citing comparisons with other countries.
Rachael Maskell
Lab Co-op
York Central
Supports concerns about the Bill's impact on civil society and charities, arguing that it imposes bureaucratic reporting processes and has a chilling effect on campaigning.
David Davis
Con
Goole and Pocklington
The introduction of voter ID may disenfranchise significant demographic groups who lack photo identification. The Government’s research reveals that around 42% of people without the necessary ID would not take it up even if provided free by local councils. This could lead to a significant number of individuals being unable to vote, despite the minimal occurrence of actual voter fraud.
Craig Mackinlay
Con
not specified constituency
[INTERVENTION]: Suggested that schedule 1 contains a broad list of valid identification options which should cover most people in the country. Also noted the provision for free ID from local councils.
Stephen Kinnock
Lab
Aberafan Maesteg
[INTERVENTION]: Asked why the Government is pursuing this policy, implying a lack of genuine concern about voter fraud and suggesting other motivations.
Brendan O'Hara
SNP
Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber
Critiques the bill for its lack of evidence regarding voter fraud, arguing it will disenfranchise young, poor, and minority voters who may not have ID. Suggests the real aim is to suppress voting rights rather than prevent voter fraud.
Drew Hendry
SNP
Inverness Nairn Caithness and Sutherland
Intervenes to emphasise the Government's loss of confidence, suggesting this measure is an attempt to manipulate electoral outcomes.
Alan Brown
Labour Party
Central Ayrshire
Supports O'Hara's stance by highlighting the need for stronger powers in the Electoral Commission and criticises the Government’s ability to control civic society, particularly trade unions and charities.
Geraint Davies
Labour Party
Croydon Central
Intervenes by referencing Aneurin Bevan's quote to argue that the bill is part of a larger attack on democracy, including voter suppression and attacks on protest rights.
William Wragg
Con
Hazel Grove
Suggests that while the Bill may be seen as a mixed bag, it is important to protect democracy and those involved in it. He criticises comparisons to US elections and suggests that pre-legislative scrutiny might have improved the Bill. Wragg highlights issues with ID requirements and proposes cross-party consideration for the Speaker’s Committee.
Erith and Thamesmead
Argues against clause 1, claiming it will weaken democracy by putting additional barriers on voting. Highlights that young people and older individuals will be disproportionately affected. Emphasises issues with disabled constituents accessing necessary ID. Asks for clarity on how this law will impact people with disabilities and requests detailed information about the voter card application process.
Craig Mackinlay
Con
South Thanet
Argues that voter ID is not restrictive but necessary for preventing personation fraud. Mentions his legal acquittal regarding election expenses and the importance of clear authorization to avoid ambiguity.
Robert Goodwill
Con
Hull West and Conway
Intervenes to support the idea that voter ID might encourage those who lose their polling cards to vote, addressing a concern raised by another MP.
Steven Baker
Con
Wycombe
Intervenes humorously, suggesting the complexity of the matter and appreciating Mackinlay's detailed explanation on election expenses.
Geraint Davies
Lab
Cynffigy
Questions whether allowing political parties to bus in workers without explicit authorization is legitimate, indicating skepticism about the clarity and fairness of the proposed amendments.
Ben Lake
PC
Ceredigion Preseli
Argues that voter ID requirements are unnecessary due to minimal incidents of electoral fraud, citing data from 2019. Raises concerns about reduced voter participation and inconsistency in voting requirements across devolved elections.
Roger Gale
Con
Herne Bay and Sandwich
He expresses astonishment at the level of synthetic outrage generated by part 1 of the Bill, suggesting that ID verification in elections is common practice worldwide. He highlights Northern Ireland as an example where voter ID has been used since 2003 without issues. Gale appreciates the extension of voting rights for expats under clause 10 and mentions Harry Shindler's long-standing campaign for this right.
Sarah Green
Lib Dem
Chesham and Amersham
She criticises the introduction of voter ID as unnecessary, arguing there is no evidence of mass voter fraud in the UK. Green states that this bill will discourage people from voting by creating barriers at polling stations. She emphasises the importance of encouraging more democratic participation rather than introducing hurdles.
Robert Goodwill
Con
Hull West and Conway
Robert Goodwill interjected to support the idea that a shorter election period would help in situations requiring quick decision-making, such as during the pandemic or recent recalls of Parliament.
Clive Lewis
Lab
Norwich South
Argues that the Bill is an attempt to suppress votes rather than address real issues in democracy. Points out a statistic showing only 34 allegations of impersonation out of 58 million votes in the 2019 general election, indicating minimal voter fraud. He criticises the Bill for being drawn from far-right US playbook and warns it is an authoritarian measure to control public dissent.
Alicia Kearns
Con
Rutland and Stamford
Responds by citing local voter fraud incidents in her constituency, including over 30 pre-filled voting ballots found dumped in a bin during a recent by-election.
Questions the claim that voter ID is a racist policy and cites examples of successful multi-racial democracies like Canada, Sweden, Norway, Netherlands, Italy, and France that use voter ID.
Steven Baker
Con
Wycombe
Mr. Baker supports the Bill, emphasising provisions on undue influence measures protecting spiritual pressure and injury. He raises issues of postal vote misuse, incorrect electoral roll listings, voter registration at non-residential addresses, educating foreign nationals about voting rights, and public disclosure of objectors to maintain a fair criminal justice process. He also highlights the issue of women's votes being cast under duress.
Chingford and Woodford Green
Mr. Duncan Smith raises a point of order regarding the visit of the Chinese Ambassador to an all-party parliamentary group, expressing concerns over the sanctions placed on Members by China for their duties.
Alistair Carmichael
Lib Dem
Orkney and Shetland
Mr. Carmichael as vice-chair of an all-party parliamentary group shares concerns over the nature of engagement with China, particularly given sanctions placed on Members by China.
Mr. Evans addresses points of order raised about the Chinese Ambassador's visit to an all-party parliamentary group and advises the right hon. Member for Chingford and Woodford Green on how to proceed with concerns over APPG operations.
Martin Docherty
Lab
West Dunbartonshire
Expresses concern over voter ID cards, citing that existing ID numbers should be used instead. Questions whether local government or central government would own the cards and highlights the difficulty for nomadic communities like Gypsy, Traveller and Roma to access such IDs. Raises issue about unincorporated associations potentially undermining democratic principles.
Damien Moore
Con
Southport
Supports the legislation aimed at strengthening election integrity, arguing it will prevent voter fraud and ensure secure voting processes. Emphasises that the UK should be brought in line with Northern Ireland's system using photographic ID since 2003. Acknowledges the provision of free voter cards by local authorities for those without existing IDs and supports measures against postal vote harvesting and intimidation.
Beth Winter
Lab
Rhondda
The Bill is an affront to democracy as it interferes with the independence of the Electoral Commission, imposes unnecessary restrictions on campaigning groups, and risks disenfranchising already marginalized communities. The Welsh Government’s approach encourages voter participation for all demographics, including young people, while this Bill creates barriers for voting in Westminster elections.
Nigel Evans
Con
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
Acknowledges the brevity of Beth Winter's speech but does not provide further arguments. Nigel Evans briefly interjects without substantial contribution.
James Grundy
Con
Bolton West
Welcomes the Bill, particularly its provisions relating to local elections governance, such as the reduction in signatures required for candidate nomination and proposes improvements like grouping candidates by political party on ballot papers to ease public identification and vote counting. He highlights potential issues with current mayoral election administration.
Owen Thompson
SNP
Carmarthen East and Dinefwr
Clause 23 hands Ministers the power to bar certain bodies from campaigning, which is a naked attempt to swing elections in their favour. It also lowers spending limits for non-party campaigners and clamps down on joint campaigning, potentially stifling democracy.
Mark Fletcher
Con
Gedling
Experienced a great injustice in Tower Hamlets where postal vote harvesting, intimidation, and undue spiritual influence occurred. The Bill is necessary to strengthen our electoral system and prevent voter fraud.
Patrick Grady
SNP
Glasgow North
The Bill will create more problems than it seeks to solve, potentially suppressing voter turnout and disenfranchising voters without photo ID. The Electoral Reform Society estimates that at least 2.1 million people without photo ID could miss their chance to vote. Additionally, this Bill enhances executive power while reducing legislative accountability, aligning with the Government's broader agenda of centralisation.
Alberto Costa
Con
South Leicestershire
Welcomes the Government’s proposals in the Bill that safeguard and enshrine in law the rights of certain EU citizens to vote in local elections in England, Northern Ireland, elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly, and police and crime commissioner elections in England and Wales. Emphasises the protection of UK citizens living in the EU and vice versa, highlighting bilateral arrangements with several EU member states for mutual voting rights.
Alistair Carmichael
Lib Dem
Orkney and Shetland
He congratulates a colleague on their speech and questions the necessity of voter ID proposals when there is no clear evidence of widespread fraud. He points out that 700 people did not return during a pilot programme where they were turned away, suggesting significant barriers for legitimate voters. Carmichael calls for post-legislative scrutiny to ensure promises made tonight are kept.
He shares a personal experience of voting and argues that without safeguards, bad practices can drive out good ones. He cites cases of electoral fraud in Tower Hamlets and emphasises the need for voter ID to ensure democracy is seen as fair. Browne mentions that two-thirds of voters would have more confidence with ID requirements and highlights that 99% of voters already possess a photo ID.
Rachel Hopkins
Lab
Luton South and South Bedfordshire
She argues that voter ID will disenfranchise working-class, older, BAME people, unemployed, or disabled individuals due to their limited access to photo IDs. Hopkins mentions a cost of £120 million over 10 years and warns about potential violations of human rights laws. She criticises the plan as unrealistic for councils already struggling with budget cuts.
Alec Shelbrooke
Con
Wetherby and Easingwold
Supports voter ID requirements and online campaigning regulations. Emphasises the importance of addressing social media abuses, conspiracy theories, and intimidation in political campaigns. Mentions the need for imprints on social media content to ensure transparency.
Raises concerns about human rights implications of voter ID requirements, potential discrimination against certain groups such as disabled people and ethnic minorities. Criticises part 3 for threatening the independence of the Electoral Commission.
Supports measures to address electoral fraud, particularly voter ID requirements and handling proxy votes and postal votes. Highlights the need for police investigations into allegations of electoral fraud in Tower Hamlets.
Robbie Moore
Con
Keighley and Ilkley
Mr Moore supports the Bill, highlighting issues of electoral fraud in his constituency, where one-fifth of reported cases occur. He advocates for stronger measures to protect postal voting systems from misuse, including shortening registration periods and prohibiting campaigners from handling postal votes publicly. Despite these measures, he calls for further scrutiny on automatic renewal of postal vote eligibility and proof of identity requirements when reapplying.
Kenny MacAskill
SNP
Dunfermline and West Fife
Mr MacAskill opposes the Bill, citing concerns about its broader implications on democracy. He refers to scholarly works suggesting that high voter turnout is not necessarily linked to compulsory voting laws but rather to civic education and public broadcasting. Mr MacAskill warns of a potential path similar to past authoritarian regimes where low voter turnout benefits those in power at the expense of disenfranchised minorities.
Aaron Bell
Con
Newcastle-under-Lyme
Emphasised the importance of voter confidence and cited a specific incident in his constituency where incompetence led to disenfranchisement. He supported the Bill's aim to prevent fraud, ensuring that each person casts one vote without duress.
Paul Bristow
Con
Peterborough
Described past instances of electoral fraud in his constituency and supported voter ID at polling stations, arguing that undetectable crimes should not be dismissed as non-existent. He highlighted issues with postal votes and stressed the need for safeguards to protect vulnerable groups.
Jerome Mayhew
Con
Broadland and Fakenham
Compared voting rights to other important civil responsibilities requiring ID, such as buying alcohol. He emphasised the importance of maintaining public confidence in elections through photo ID, citing research showing increased confidence among ethnic minorities.
Fleur Anderson
Lab
Putney
Labour opposes this legislation due to its negative impact on democracy and voter participation. The bill will disproportionately affect marginalized groups, leading to disenfranchisement. It is unnecessary and costly, with minimal evidence of significant voter fraud requiring such measures.
Alberto Costa
Con
South Leicestershire
[INTERVENTION] asked Fleur Anderson to explain why British citizens should not be given security through proper voter ID, implying that her arguments against the bill are baseless and dismissive of public opinion favouring some form of voter identification.
Robin Walker
Con
Worcester
Welcomes the opportunity to debate the Electoral Integrity Bill and references Northern Ireland's successful implementation of photographic ID requirements for elections. Cites evidence from Northern Ireland where turnout increased after the introduction of photographic ID despite historically lower voter participation compared to Great Britain. Emphasises that Labour introduced similar measures with cross-party support, noting they stated these measures would tackle electoral abuse without disadvantaging honest voters.
Alec Shelbrooke
Con
Wetherby and Easingwold
Intervenes to criticise spurious arguments about voter ID, particularly those made by Labour Members. Refers to Tony Blair's majority in 2001 despite a low turnout.
Jim Shannon
DUP
Strangford
Endorses the Minister’s position and supports voter ID, stating it has been successful in Northern Ireland to stop fraud and corruption. Asks for a meeting between the Minister and RNIB regarding their concerns about legislation.
Brendan O'Hara
SNP
Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber
Intervenes to ask if there is a clear parallel between Northern Ireland's situation in the 1990s and the current UK situation that justifies the introduction of voter ID requirements.
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