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Top Secret Document Leaks
18 April 2023
Lead MP
James Heappey
Debate Type
Ministerial Statement
Tags
Crime & Law EnforcementUkraineDefenceStandards & Ethics
Other Contributors: 17
At a Glance
James Heappey raised concerns about top secret document leaks in the House of Commons. A government minister responded. Other MPs also contributed.
How the Debate Unfolded
MPs spoke in turn to share their views and ask questions. Here's what each person said:
Government Statement
The unauthorised disclosure of classified US documents last week was a concerning development. The Defence Secretary spoke with his American counterpart and continues to be informed about the situation. Currently, the US Department of Defence and intelligence community are investigating the validity and circumstances surrounding these leaks. UK commends swift action by US law enforcement, including the arrest of a suspect. Despite the seriousness, it is important to caution against over-reporting inaccurate details from leaked documents as these are sensitive matters. The US remains the UK’s most critical ally, essential for security. Ongoing support for Ukraine includes collaboration with G7 and NATO to equip Ukrainian forces effectively.
Tobias Ellwood
Con
Bournemouth East
Question
Questioned whether too many people have access to sensitive intelligence, suggesting a review might be necessary post-9/11. Highlighted examples where public disclosure of intelligence could inform international relations positively.
Minister reply
Acknowledged the process for gathering and presenting intelligence but noted that specific content of leaked documents remains classified. Emphasised importance of vetting processes and compartmentalisation within MOD to limit access appropriately while allowing quick decision-making in an information age.
John Healey
Lab
Rawmarsh and Conisbrough
Question
The US is our closest security ally, so this is of serious concern. The Secretary of State for Defence is in Washington, we are told, apparently to discuss this breach, but will he make a statement to Parliament on his return to confirm the reassurances he has received on how British intelligence is handled? I have a number of questions that the Minister has not yet answered. He has described the documents as inaccurate, but to what extent have they been manipulated and used as disinformation? Has this leak put at risk any UK personnel? Is the MOD mitigating such risks, and if so how? This is the time when the UK should be accelerating military support to Ukraine, so what assessment have the Government made of the impact of this leak on Ukrainian plans for a potential offensive? While threats to the UK continue to rise, security breaches have been getting worse on the Defence Secretary’s watch, with 2,000 people affected by data breaches set out in the last MOD annual report and a 40% increase in the number of referrals to the Information Commissioner—and that was last July. How many MOD data breaches have occurred since? Finally, why is no Minister designated as responsible for information security when handling intelligence is so critical to our national security?
Minister reply
First, I thought I was clear in my initial answer that the Secretary of State is in Washington for a briefing to the House Foreign Affairs Committee that was requested in December and scheduled in January. It is fortuitous that he is there to discuss these matters in addition, but it would be inaccurate to say that he is there because of what happened last week. The right hon. Member for Wentworth and Dearne (John Healey) asks about previous incidents where the UK MOD has been responsible for leaks. I agree with him that it happens too often, but every time it happens, reviews are put in place and lessons are learned in terms of both the way that information is handled digitally and—because this was the case last year—the way that documents are removed from the building. On the former, there has been a wide-ranging and robust effort to assure the digital security of documents and to ensure that all users of secret and above systems are aware of the way that those systems should properly be used, and of how it should not even be attempted to move information from one system to the other. On physical documents, the Secretary of State put in place random bag searches at MOD main building immediately following the leak of hard documents last year, and those searches remain in place now. The right hon. Gentleman is absolutely right to observe that some of those documents have, since their apparent leaking, apparently been manipulated for various misinformation and disinformation purposes. That is why it is important to qualify that colleagues should be suspicious not only of the original content, but of the different versions that are in circulation subsequently, because they have been manipulated for various means. He is of course right to flag his concern, which mirrors our concern, about any force protection implications from such leaks. That was indeed our first concern, and the chief of joint operations was able quickly to reassure us that all those involved in the protection of diplomatic mission in Ukraine are not compromised in any way by the leaks—nor are any of those involved in the wider support for Ukraine and the wider continent beyond. I do not think that there is any impact on the Ukrainian plans for the offensive. In fact, as the right hon. Gentleman will have seen in the reporting of those, there has been a degree of amplification from the Ukrainians around some of the casualty statistics—I make no comment on the accuracy of the figures being pumped. Indeed, there is reporting that those figures have been manipulated by both sides to tell their story. But I am pretty confident that the Ukrainians are intending to stick to their plan and go for it. I do not have the information today on precisely how many breaches there have been, but I will write to him.
Julian Lewis
Con
New Forest East
Question
I do not wish to be disobliging to my right hon. Friend the Member for Bournemouth East (Mr Ellwood), who succeeded me as Chairman of the Defence Committee, but I feel it necessary to ask the Minister to clarify beyond any doubt or confusion that matters relating to defence intelligence—like those relating to the intelligence roles of other Departments—do not fall within the ambit of the departmental Select Committee, but should, and rightly do, fall within the ambit of the Intelligence and Security Committee. My right hon. Friend was courteous enough to let me know that he had been granted this urgent question after it had been granted. Had he asked before applying, I would have advised him, first, that it was not within the remit of the Defence Committee to seek information on this matter, and secondly, as the Minister’s replies have indicated, that it would be very unwise, particularly at this early stage, to discuss the implications of such a leak in public. Will the Minister confirm that, in any future questions and answers about defence intelligence, he will address his answers to the appropriate Committee, which is the Intelligence and Security Committee?
Minister reply
Thank you very much indeed, Mr Speaker; I value the friendship and counsel of both the current and the previous Select Committee Chair, so I think that you have said it all.
Question
There are clearly serious issues to consider here, and it is very important that we avoid speculation, particularly because, as I understand it, this case is sub judice in the US. No doubt our intelligence community is working hard with its partners to review the implications and will report to the ISC. I do not want to prejudge anything, but to echo the comments of the right hon. Member for New Forest East (Sir Julian Lewis), can the Minister confirm that he will work closely with the ISC to ensure that we are fully able to consider any outcomes of this investigation?
Minister reply
I note the concern of the hon. Gentleman and of my right hon. Friend the Member for New Forest East, the Chairman of the Intelligence and Security Committee. We will ensure that any matters that can be exposed to them relating to this are exposed.
Question
The whole House should welcome the great seriousness with which this is being taken by our Government and the Government of the United States. It is important for us to acknowledge that mass leaks of this kind are unjustified and serve only to help the interests of those terrorist groups and hostile states that wish us harm.
Minister reply
My right hon. Friend is absolutely right: these leaks, as unfortunate as they are, only benefit one group of people, and that is our competitors and adversaries in the world who mean us harm. Whatever heroic intentions those responsible for these leaks may think they have, they are wrong. They risk the safety of our armed forces, and they compromise the work that we and our allies are doing around the world to stand up to the challenge to the rules-based international order that we so strongly believe in.
Question
I thank the Minister for his statement, and I concur with his views about the close relationship that we rely on with not just the United States but our other Five Eyes partners. The Intelligence and Security Committee has not yet met to discuss this issue, and it is the only Committee of Parliament that will be able to look at the classification of material that is covered. It is right not to make any pre-emptive statements about what has been in the press, but if we do decide that we wish to look at this—and there is a good chance that we will—can he confirm that we will get full co-operation from not only Defence Intelligence but other intelligence agencies in pursuing the rightful questions that we, uniquely, can ask in the closed environment in which we meet?
Minister reply
In the interests of not only expectation management but accuracy, I will say to the right hon. Gentleman that I will ensure we do all that we are allowed to do and that the Committee is serviced with whatever is releasable, accepting, of course, that the content that has been leaked is US content, which might mean that that is very difficult for us to do.
Question
We know that Russia is a master of propagating disinformation, and this is an evolving tactic increasingly used by hostile states, so can the Minister assure us that this issue is being considered in the Defence Command Paper refresh?
Minister reply
I certainly can. A very important theme we have learned over the last year is that the way in which we own the narrative and counter disinformation is almost every bit as important as the physical reality of the battle on the ground, so this is an important part of our work on the Command Paper refresh.
Dan Jarvis
Lab
Barnsley North
Question
The leak in the US should be, and I am sure is, focusing the Minister’s mind on the importance of our own information security. To that end, can he give an assurance that all information and data relating to our own armed forces personnel that is held by private sector contractors—particularly those that are foreign-owned—is secure?
Minister reply
I would fully expect it to be, but perhaps I can take the hon. Gentleman’s question away, ask it of the Department and write to him, so that we can both have confidence that my expectation is well founded.
Question
The Minister will know that a number of years ago, the diptels of our brilliant former ambassador to the United States were leaked, which had real ramifications for our relationship with the United States and the issue of secret documents being shared within Government Departments. Were any specific lessons learned from that incident at the Foreign Office with regard to how our brilliant former ambassador was treated in doing his job and to the leak of secret documents? Does the Minister have a view on the point raised by my right hon. Friend the Member for Bournemouth East (Mr Ellwood) about restricting the number of individuals who see these documents?
Minister reply
As the shadow Secretary of State, the right hon. Member for Wentworth and Dearne (John Healey), set out, there have been occasions when we reside in a glass house on these matters, so I am reluctant to throw stones at any other Department.
Richard Foord
Lib Dem
Honiton and Sidmouth
Question
The Minister is right that we must be careful with leaked US documents, but they do appear to reveal a near miss involving the UK Rivet Joint aircraft. If the Secretary of State had assessed that the Rivet Joint aircraft was fired upon intentionally, would he have shared this assessment with the House?
Minister reply
The Secretary of State has briefed the House on that incident already. I am not going to offer any discussion on the version of events presented in the leak.
Question
Given the main concern is the potential impact of this leak on Ukraine’s spring offensive, will the Secretary of State appear before the Intelligence and Security Committee (ISC) as soon as there are substantive updates?
Minister reply
There are two issues here. First, I do not believe this leak will have any consequences for Ukraine's spring offensive; they will proceed with their plan successfully. Second, while I am willing to share what we can with the ISC on processes and reviews within the MOD, much of this information is not ours to share as it relates to leaks from other sources.
Gavin Robinson
DUP
Belfast East
Question
Recognising the MOD’s willingness to publish defence intelligence reports for decision-makers and legislators, will the Minister undertake to update the House on reviews of retention processes when complete, either through an oral statement or written ministerial statement?
Minister reply
I am happy to make that undertaking. As we conclude our internal reviews, if there is further information to offer to the House, we will share it appropriately.
Toby Perkins
Lab
Chesterfield
Question
Given the arrest of a junior National Guardsman related to this leak and concerns over access to top secret documents by thousands or tens of thousands of people in the US, what reassurance can be given about the level of seniority that British information shared with Americans reaches?
Minister reply
We do not draw boundaries based on seniority for shared information. Information goes where it is needed rather than wanted. However, there are strict controls to ensure information is compartmentalised and only seen by those intended.
Catherine West
Lab
Hornsey and Friern Barnet
Question
Given the vetting problems we have seen in UK policing, what reassurances can be given about the vetting of individuals who have access to top-secret processes within Government?
Minister reply
The MOD’s process for accessing top-secret information is rigorous and involves extensive background checks. While I cannot detail this exact process publicly, I and other ministerial colleagues are confident in it.
Question
Given leaked documents revealed co-operation between the UAE and Russia to evade sanctions and work against US and UK Intelligence agencies, have lessons been learned about the risks of doing business with authoritarian regimes?
Minister reply
While I am invited to reflect on some content from the leaks, as I have said, I will not do so.
Question
Knowing that leaks of secret and top-secret military information put lives at risk, when were soldiers made aware of this breach, and what support has been provided for them and their families?
Minister reply
Troops on the ground likely became aware as it broke in news. For force protection and emotional support, tactical measures are taken locally, and the mission safely continues with the confidence that those who serve will carry on.
Shadow Comment
Tobias Ellwood
Shadow Comment
Expressed appreciation of the unique bond between UK and US but emphasised need for transparency regarding the aftermath of leaked classified information. Questioned if there are too many people with access to sensitive intelligence, suggesting a review might be necessary post-9/11. Highlighted examples where public disclosure of intelligence could inform international relations positively. Suggested overhaul of intelligence sharing parameters as the world faces potential new cold war scenarios.
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