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Unaccompanied Asylum-seeking Children
24 January 2023
Lead MP
Robert Jenrick
Debate Type
Ministerial Statement
Tags
Asylum & RefugeesMigrants & BordersEmploymentSafeguarding & DBSForeign AffairsLocal Government
Other Contributors: 35
At a Glance
Robert Jenrick raised concerns about unaccompanied asylum-seeking children in the House of Commons. A government minister responded. Other MPs also contributed.
How the Debate Unfolded
MPs spoke in turn to share their views and ask questions. Here's what each person said:
Government Statement
Asylum & RefugeesMigrants & BordersEmploymentSafeguarding & DBSForeign AffairsLocal Government
Government Statement
The rise in small boat crossings has put a strain on the asylum accommodation system, necessitating the use of specialist hotels for unaccompanied minors until local authority placements are found. The government emphasises safeguarding procedures, including 24/7 supervision by staff and social workers, welfare interviews to identify trafficking risks, and monitoring movements. Over 4,600 children have been accommodated in hotels since July 2021; 440 have gone missing, with 200 still unaccounted for, primarily from Albania. The government has allocated £15,000 per eligible young person to local authorities and aims to end hotel use as soon as possible.
Caroline Lucas
Green
Brighton, Pavilion
Question
The hon. Member questions the government's approach to safeguarding in hotels, citing issues of legal responsibility and insufficient oversight, as well as the risks faced by unaccompanied children.
Minister reply
The Minister offers a detailed response addressing security measures, social worker presence, and the findings from inspections suggesting young people feel safe. He highlights a new protocol ('missing after reasonable steps') that has led to a 36% reduction in missing occurrences. Financial incentives of £15,000 per eligible child are being provided to local authorities to encourage care placements.
Tim Loughton
Con
East Worthing and Shoreham
Question
Expressed concern about a Home Office hotel in Hove where local authorities were not informed of its existence, questioning the responsibility for safeguarding these children between the Home Office and local councils. He also asked if specialist refugee charities are being used to look after the children in hotels.
Minister reply
Acknowledged that young people can leave these settings voluntarily but emphasised that reducing such incidents is a priority. Mentioned existing relationships with charities and the voluntary sector, including those at Dover ports of entry. Emphasised the presence of security guards, nurses, social workers, and team leaders in hotels to provide adequate support.
Yvette Cooper
Lab
Pontefract, Castleford and Knottingley
Question
Cited statistics from Sussex police indicating that one in four unaccompanied children in Home Office hotels have gone missing with around half still not found. She questioned the lack of a single co-ordinated unit involving law enforcement agencies to combat organised crime targeting these hotels.
Minister reply
Provided statistics showing 440 out of 4,600 children accommodated since July 2021 have gone missing with 200 still unaccounted for. Denied allegations of abductions from outside the hotel and promised further inquiries. Stressed increased funding for the National Crime Agency (NCA) to tackle people-smuggling gangs upstream. Accused Labour of opposing government measures to address illegal crossings.
Question
Asked about the assessment made by the Department regarding the availability of specialist foster carers for unaccompanied asylum-seeking children and requested assurance that foster carers are provided with necessary information and support.
Minister reply
Acknowledged the lack of capacity in specialist foster care, referencing the DfE’s care review. Mentioned increased funding for local authorities to procure supported accommodation. Promised a review on how individuals can pose as minors to enter the UK.
Question
Asked about the figures of missing children, the usefulness of the Scottish Guardianship Service model and demanded an end to placing unaccompanied young people in hotels.
Minister reply
Acknowledged the desire to stop using hotels but emphasised that accommodation is needed until better solutions are found. Stressed the need for robust action against illegal crossings. Promised to look into the Scottish guardianship model, while noting Scotland's lower intake of unaccompanied asylum-seeking children compared to England.
Kit Malthouse
Con
North West Hampshire
Question
If dozens of children had been going missing from boarding schools, there would be a national mobilisation involving the NCA and the National Police Chiefs’ Council. Could the Minister explain what the national response in British policing looks like at the moment regarding unaccompanied asylum-seeking children going missing?
Minister reply
The local police are immediately contacted if a young person leaves accommodation without returning within four hours, treating it as a missing persons case with all necessary effort. A new protocol has led to a reduction of occurrences by about a third but there is a commitment to review procedures if further steps are needed.
Diana R. Johnson
Lab
Kingston upon Hull North and Cottingham
Question
The Home Affairs Committee raised concerns about unaccompanied asylum-seeking children going missing from hotels. Can the Minister provide a clear timeline for ending the accommodation of these children in hotels?
Minister reply
Due to ongoing challenges, including capacity constraints with local authorities and the need for bridging accommodation, there is no specific date set yet but efforts are being made through legislative changes and increased support to local authorities.
John Hayes
Con
South Holland and The Deepings
Question
When will the legislation addressing this issue come before the House? Will he implore all Members to support it without equivocation?
Minister reply
The legislation will be brought forward very shortly, and it is hoped that there will be broad support as addressing this problem at its root is essential to prevent further escalation.
Stella Creasy
Lab Co-op
Walthamstow
Question
The Minister says safeguarding these children is a priority. Since October last year, she has been asking for the safeguarding requirements placed on private companies involved in running hotels. There was no mention of requiring modern slavery or human trafficking prevention measures. Will he now require these companies to have such duties?
Minister reply
The hotels are run by the Home Office and not private providers as mentioned; however, the Government takes their safeguarding responsibilities seriously and works closely with local authorities to support people in their care.
Question
To place vulnerable asylum-seeking children in the care of local authorities whose Ofsted rating is inadequate is a dereliction of both international and moral obligations. Does my right hon. Friend agree?
Minister reply
It is important to place these minors in the care of local authorities with good track records, and concerns about specific local authority performances should be brought to the attention of relevant departments.
Peter Kyle
Lab
Hove and Portslade
Question
The community he represents was given short notice for 96 unaccompanied children being placed in a hotel. He saw vulnerabilities among these children and contacted various authorities, but only Sussex police responded effectively. What will be different the next time he visits the hotel?
Minister reply
There are security guards on site who immediately raise any suspicious activity with the police, as well as nurses and social workers providing support. Robust procedures for signing in and out exist, and local authorities have been working to improve the situation.
Rachel Maclean
Con
Wythenshawe and Sale East
Question
The Minister is demonstrating a great deal of seriousness and compassion in gripping this very concerning situation, but does he agree that the best way in which to safeguard these children is to prevent them from crossing in the first place? Does he also agree that it is both concerning and shameful that Opposition Members are standing up to speak having failed to back legislation that will do that, and will, furthermore, enable us to test the age of these children? Does he agree that it is vital for us to know that they are in fact children, and not dangerous criminals?
Minister reply
My hon. Friend is entirely right. This is a serious issue, but it is also a symptom of the problem of people smugglers bringing very large numbers of people across the channel, and we must tackle that with the most robust response possible. However, the Opposition continually oppose any effort by us to strengthen our borders. We will be introducing further legislation, and, as my hon. Friend knows, we are reviewing whether we can adopt a more scientific approach to the verification of ages, as is being done by a number of our European counterparts.
Bristol East
Question
Locally, I am afraid, my council also does not have a grip on this serious situation. It is out of its depth and, unfortunately, it is in a legal limbo. Past child protection scandals have shown us that all agencies must take both joint and separate responsibility for the protection and safeguarding of children, so this process cannot continue—the process of the Home Office pointing at the council, the council pointing at the Home Office, and nothing being done.
Minister reply
Let me say first that there is no pitting of the Home Office against the local authority. The Home Office is working closely with Brighton & Hove City Council, and we have a good working relationship. My officials speak regularly to those at the council, and, having spoken to the chief executive and the director of children’s services, I can say that they too feel that the relationship is working.
Damian Collins
Con
Monmouth
Question
As my right hon. Friend has said, effective co-ordination between police, local authorities and healthcare providers within communities where hotels are being used to provide asylum accommodation is very important. A meeting of that kind in Folkestone and Hythe has been organised for this coming Friday. If the Minister cannot attend the meeting through virtual participation, can he at least ensure that relevant Home Office officials are there to answer questions about policy and also to co-ordinate with the local authorities?
Minister reply
I will certainly arrange that. As my hon. Friend knows, Kent has borne a particular burden in this regard, so it is right for us to do everything we can to support it and his constituents.
Alistair Carmichael
Lib Dem
Orkney and Shetland
Question
The only surprising aspect of this whole sorry affair is the fact that anyone is surprised by it. Young people are placed in totally unsuitable accommodation, and are then left there while the Home Office fails to process applications for them and, indeed, for all asylum seekers. This was always going to happen. On 16 December the Minister announced a £15,000 extra funding package for local authorities, which is due to expire at the end of February. Is he telling us today that that additional money—not the standard money—will continue after 28 February?
Minister reply
Before I arrived at the Department in the summer there was already an initial payment to local authorities, which I believe was £6,000 or thereabouts. That did ensure that more local authorities came forward, but, given the scale of the challenge that we have been discussing today, I took the view that it needed to be more, which is why we made this more generous offer available.
Tobias Ellwood
Con
Bournemouth East
Question
Given some of the horrors of war that asylum seekers can witness, they can become desensitised to the difference between right and wrong and, without intervention, could pose a threat to society. Can I ask for a formal Home Office investigation into the Afghan asylum seeker Abdulrahimzai, who murdered Tom Roberts in Bournemouth last year? Abdulrahimzai had a criminal record for murder in Serbia and a criminal record for drugs in Italy. He then threatened his foster carer here in the UK and bluffed his way into our asylum system, posing as a minor. So many red flags were missed that could have revealed what a threat to society this individual was, and there are lessons to be learned.
Minister reply
My right hon. Friend is right to say that this is a terrible case, and our thoughts are with the family and friends of Thomas Roberts. As he will know, sentencing has yet to take place but we will be investigating the full circumstances surrounding the case so that we can ensure that we learn all the lessons.
Tahir Ali
Lab
Birmingham Hall Green and Moseley
Question
One child missing is one child too many. It is horrendous that these children have left their home country seeking safety in the UK, only to be put at serious risk because of the incompetence of the Home Office and its failure to ensure basic safety in hostels. Can the Minister explain to the House what measures are in place to safeguard children and adult asylum seekers to ensure that no refugee needs to face such preventable dangers?
Minister reply
These young people are not being put at risk primarily by the Home Office; they are being put at risk by dangerous people smugglers and criminals—those who smuggle them into the country and those who might exploit them when they are here. Our efforts are focused on protecting the young people in the hotels, as I described earlier, and we are also doing everything we can to fight the people smugglers.
Andrew Bridgen
Con
North West Norfolk
Question
Does my right hon. Friend concede that unaccompanied minors in our asylum seeker system are being targeted by criminal gangs and does he agree that we need more resources to tackle the organised criminals who are causing this problem, in order to resolve it?
Minister reply
It is wrong to generalise about where all the missing young people go. Some leave hotels to meet up with familial contacts, but my hon. Friend is right to say that others are drawn into criminality at the behest of people smugglers and trafficking gangs.
Florence Eshalomi
Lab Co-op
Vauxhall and Camberwell Green
Question
I am a bit troubled, listening to the Minister, because how can he claim that this is a robust vetting procedure when there are still 76 young people missing? This story is yet another failure and a stain on the Home Office. This was entirely avoidable. We have heard stories about the security and safety failings at the hotels. Many of those who are missing are teenagers—young people who are at the prime age to be groomed by the criminals who target 16 and 17-year-olds.
Minister reply
I am not sure what the hon. Lady is suggesting. If we did not use these hotels, which have a range of security and support staff available to them, is she suggesting that we put them in hotels with adults?
Philip Hollobone
Con
Kettering
Question
It is totally right that unaccompanied asylum-seeking children should be safeguarded in the most appropriate settings. It is totally wrong that there are all-too-frequent reports of young adult asylum seekers claiming to be children in their asylum claims. Other countries employ far more scientific methodology to establish the age of a child who will not reveal their true age. Will the Minister urgently bring forward such measures to the House so that they can be approved and introduced?
Minister reply
My hon. Friend is correct. We recently published a report from the Age Estimation Science Advisory Committee on scientific methods to assess the age of asylum seekers and resolve age disputes.
Arfon
Question
I declare that I am a former childcare social worker, a former social work educator and a member of various committees of the British Association of Social Workers. I am unclear from the Minister’s answers so far: is he saying that qualified and trained social workers are available on every site, 24 hours a day?
Minister reply
Yes.
Andrew Slaughter
Lab
Hammersmith and Chiswick
Question
We persuaded the Home Office that the accommodation in which it placed asylum seekers in my constituency was below acceptable standards, and it moved them earlier this month. However, it failed to give the asylum seekers any notice or tell them where they were going, and some absconded out of fear of that. Will the Minister look at the poor standards and poor treatment of asylum seekers by the Home Office and its contractors, which is at the root of this problem?
Minister reply
As the hon. Member may recall, one of my first priorities was to ensure that the Home Office engaged better with local authorities, and although there is always room for improvement, the level of engagement is now enhanced from where it was at the end of last year. I continue to push officials to do more and to give local authorities more notice, either of new hotels opening up or of changes to the hotels. I have also recently met the providers and told them that we expect these hotels to be run professionally and appropriately with decent standards of accommodation and food, and that we will be making unannounced visits to the hotels to ensure that those standards are upheld. If the hon. Member has any matters he wants to bring to my attention, he should please do so.
Olivia Blake
Lab
Sheffield Hallam
Question
I would like to ask a question about the funding for local authorities. Does the Minister realise that the average cost of a local government place is nearly £5,000 a week, so £65,000—both the £50,000 and the £15,000 that he mentioned—would only cover up to 13 weeks? And that is only for those who are lucky enough to have a local authority placement. If they have to go to the private sector, it costs up to £20,000 a week, which would give a coverage of only three and a quarter weeks from the money that is being provided. Will the Minister meet officials in the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities and urgently come up with a solution that will work for these children so that everyone can take their safeguarding responsibilities seriously and no more children will go missing?
Minister reply
I have met representatives of local authorities, London Councils and the Local Government Association to raise this issue. They made the points that many Members across the House have made about the lack of general capacity in this area and the cost of providing this care. We worked with DLUHC in providing the package that has just been made available, and we will learn the lessons from that and make any changes that we need to, so that there is a fair package of support for those authorities that support the national transfer scheme.
Helen Hayes
Lab
Dulwich and West Norwood
Question
We know that 200 children across the country are missing from accommodation for which the Minister is responsible. That is nearly seven classrooms of children, or about an entire year group in many secondary schools across the country. The complacency of this Government is disgraceful. Where is the cross-departmental ministerial taskforce with the Department for Education and DLUHC to ensure a day-by-day focus on this issue, to ensure accountability and to drive urgent improvements in the safeguarding of children?
Minister reply
I share the hon. Lady’s concern and I have already set out the steps that we have taken so far to ensure that the hotels have significant support attached to them, and the work that we are doing to ensure that local authorities can make more placements available in the future. I can assure her that we are working with all those Government Departments and with the police to ensure that any young person who goes missing is tracked as far as we can, and certainly to the same standard we would expect for any of our own children.
Kenny MacAskill
Lab
Nottingham North
Question
I welcome the Minister’s clarification, but our obligations go beyond simply providing safe and secure accommodation. It has been a few years since I met unaccompanied asylum seekers who were unable to obtain the education maintenance allowance because they could not access a bank account, due to the complexities and what they were required to provide. Those complexities may have been resolved, but others will have arisen. Can he assure me that, as well as safe and secure accommodation, such complexities will be looked at so that unaccompanied asylum seekers can develop and flourish while they are in our care, whether or not they ultimately remain in this country?
Minister reply
We take all those things into account, which is why we want to ensure that young people get into local authority care, where they can access education. If the hon. Gentleman has any suggestions from his own experience, I would be pleased to read about them and to take action accordingly.
Zarah Sultana
Lab
Coventry South
Question
These revelations, once again, expose shocking neglect by the Home Office, which is failing in its basic duties to unaccompanied children who have often experienced war and persecution. As charities and campaign groups have warned, housing children in hotels without basic safeguarding measures is unlawful. More than 136 children have been reported missing from one hotel alone, with 76 still unaccounted for. Does this scandal not show it is time for a fundamental change in the Home Office’s attitude, from one that portrays people seeking asylum as invaders and denies them their basic rights, to a humane approach that cares for those seeking sanctuary?
Minister reply
We do care for these young people, and we take our responsibilities to them very seriously. I have set out the safeguarding procedures we have in place, and we are always keen to learn how we can improve them. The key task ahead of us is to reduce the number of people crossing the channel. I hope that the hon. Lady will support the measures we take in the years ahead, because an attitude of open borders and unlimited migration will only lead to more young people being placed in these difficult settings.
Claire Hanna
SDLP
Belfast South and Mid Down
Question
Our focus today is the acute child protection issues flowing from the chaos that the Home Office has allowed to develop in the asylum system. Many children in my constituency, and in many others, have their needs and rights over-looked every day, including their right to education, their right to a space to play and their right to live a normal family life. As we are hearing again today, the widespread use of hotels and other inappropriate contingency accommodation is a symptom of the Home Office implying that, because it does not like an issue, it will just go away. The need for international protection is a reality in this world, and the Government have a legal and moral duty to respond appropriately. Is it not time for the Home Office, instead of demonising asylum seekers, to get a grip of the processing issues, create safe routes and provide a system that is both humane and cost-effective?
Minister reply
We are putting in place a comprehensive plan to reduce the backlog of cases, and good progress is already being made. With regard to safe and legal routes, this country is a world leader on resettlement schemes. More people entered the United Kingdom last year for humanitarian purposes than in any year since the second world war—people from Ukraine, Hong Kong, Syria and Afghanistan. It is simply untrue to say that we do not take those responsibilities seriously. We think it is naive to believe that a safe and legal route would stop people crossing the channel, as no evidence supports that. We want a position based on deterrence, such as our proposed Rwanda scheme, which will come forward as soon as possible.
Marie Rimmer
Lab
St Helens South and Whiston
Question
The former Prime Minister, the right hon. Member for Maidenhead (Mrs May), raised concerns about safeguarding at the border, and the independent chief inspector of borders and immigration raised concerns about safeguarding in the hotels. Action has been taken but, frankly, it is insufficient to mitigate the risk to these children, who are being kidnapped to be used in crime—there is no doubt about that.
Local authorities do not have the resources or the social workers. My local authority is recruiting 20 social workers from South Africa, as it takes time to train social workers here. The police do not have the resources to give the necessary focus to this issue. It is important that we efficiently and effectively use the resources we have, and the only way to do that is to set up a taskforce that is accountable at local level. I do not doubt the Minister’s commitment to these people, but we are not using our resources efficiently or effectively.
Minister reply
I respect the hon. Lady’s long experience in local government. I appreciate the challenges faced by local councils, which is why we brought forward this enhanced financial package. We will learn from whether it is having the desired effect, and I am very happy to speak to her about the experience in her constituency.
Debbie Abrahams
Lab
Oldham East and Saddleworth
Question
The Minister did not answer the hon. Member for East Worthing and Shoreham (Tim Loughton) or the Chair of the Home Affairs Committee, my right hon. Friend the Member for Kingston upon Hull North (Dame Diana Johnson), so does he accept that the Home Office has the key responsibility around safeguarding, and that legally enforceable duties come with that responsibility?
Minister reply
The settled position is for a young person to move into local authority care, and for that local authority to accept responsibility for them in the usual way. While a young person is in a bridging hotel, the legal position is that the local authority has responsibility, but we appreciate that a great burden is being placed on a small number of local authorities. For that reason, the Home Office steps up and provides all the support required in and around the hotels.
Cat Smith
Lab
Lancaster and Wyre
Question
Since the Minister has been on his feet responding to this urgent question, a BBC breaking news alert has highlighted BBC research on a children’s home in which children’s concerns were ignored. This urgent question is about asylum-seeking children, but children’s voices seem to be missing in all this. He said he will meet many of the adults involved when he goes to the Sussex hotel later this week, but will he commit to hearing directly from the asylum-seeking children about their experiences and concerns?
Minister reply
The hon. Lady makes an important point, and of course I will do that. The evidence from the ICIBI’s report of October 2022 is that the young people it spoke to said that their needs were being catered for and that they felt they were happy, safe and treated with respect. Of course, I will do everything I can to satisfy myself that the arrangements are appropriate.
Andrew Gwynne
Ind
Gorton and Denton
Question
Inquires about the inadequacy of the Home Office package for local government concerning child welfare in hotels, specifically regarding National Crime Agency officers working on issues related to child trafficking.
Minister reply
Clarifies that while local authorities have corporate parental responsibility, the Home Office is providing support. Indicates that tackling organised immigration crime, including people trafficking and modern slavery, is a priority for the NCA.
Question
Highlights a case of an asylum-seeking family being evicted under sub-zero temperatures near Glasgow and questions whether creating a hostile environment for immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers remains government policy.
Minister reply
Defends the distinction between individuals seeking refuge due to persecution or war versus those coming for economic reasons. Emphasises taking robust action against illegal employers who exploit small boat arrivals.
Munira Wilson
Lib Dem
Twickenham
Question
Asks the Home Office to take legal responsibility for children in bridging hotels and clarify its position on corporate parenting responsibilities.
Minister reply
Explains that previously young people were primarily placed in Kent with local authority responsibility. The Home Office now provides support services while considering proposals for acting as corporate guardians.
Jim Shannon
DUP
Strangford
Question
Asks about measures put in place to ensure the educational needs of asylum-seeking children are met, acknowledging that the asylum process can take over a year.
Minister reply
States that under-18s receive access to education, which is best provided when they are in a local authority setting. Emphasises support for local authorities to provide education until cases are decided.
Shadow Comment
Caroline Lucas
Shadow Comment
The response criticises the Home Office for failing to provide adequate safeguarding in hotels and questions legal responsibility. It highlights deficiencies such as lack of DBS checks and insufficient foster care capacity. The shadow calls for an urgent investigation into missing children and improved oversight by Ofsted, alongside commitments to ending hotel use.
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